Product screening for sources of halogenated flame retardants in Canadian house and office dust
Product screening for sources of halogenated flame retardants in Canadian house and office dust
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.12.028
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发表时间：
2016-03-01
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Diamond, Miriam L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Abbasi, Golnoush;Saini, Amandeep;Diamond, Miriam L.
人体接触卤化阻燃剂 (HFR)，例如多溴二苯醚 (PBDE) 及其替代品，可能与接触室内灰尘和直接接触含 HFR 的产品有关。本研究旨在识别导致室内灰尘中 HFR 的电子产品，并开发一种用于识别硬质聚合物产品中 HFR 的筛选方法。对多伦多（加拿大安大略省）35 个家庭和 10 个办公室的电子产品硬质聚合物外壳的灰尘和表面擦拭样品中的 10 种多溴二苯醚和 12 种卤化替代物的浓度以及使用 X 射线荧光 (XRF) 测量的外壳表面中的溴进行了分析。灰尘和产品擦拭巾中的 HFR 浓度呈正相关。因此，我们假设，无论 HFR 的波动性如何，具有最高 HFR 浓度的电子产品对灰尘浓度的贡献最大。灰尘和产品擦拭布中大量的 HFR 为 PBDE（BDE-47、99、100、153、154、183、209）、TDCPP、DBDPE、EH-TBB 和 BEHTBP。在所有测试的产品中，较旧的 CRT 电视的 BDE-209 浓度最高。其次是个人电脑、音频/视频 (A/V) 设备、小型家用电器 (HHA) 和平板电视中的 HFR 浓度更高。使用擦拭巾从聚合物表面去除 HFR 证实了人们的担忧，即由于直接接触含有 HFR 的产品，HFR 可能会从这些表面转移到手上。表面擦拭测试显示出筛选添加剂 HFR 的前景。相比之下，使用手持式 XRF 分析仪获得的 Br 含量与通过表面擦拭测试获得的浓度并不相符。 (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. 保留所有权利。
Human exposure to halogenated flame retardants (HFRs) such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and their replacements, can be related to exposure to indoor dust and direct contact with HFR-containing products. This study aimed to identify electronic products that contributed to HFRs measured in indoor dust and to develop a screening method for identifying HFRs in hard polymer products. Concentrations of 10 PBDEs and 12 halogenated replacements in dust and surface wipe samples of hard polymer casings of electronic products plus Br in the surfaces of those casing measured using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) were analyzed from 35 homes and 10 offices in Toronto (ON, Canada). HFR concentrations in dust and product wipes were positively correlated. Thus, we hypothesize that electronic products with the highest HFR concentrations contribute the most to concentrations in dust, regardless of the volatility of the HFR. Abundant HFRs in dust and product wipes were PBDEs (BDE-47, 99, 100, 153, 154, 183, 209), TDCPP, DBDPE, EH-TBB and BEHTBP. Older CRT TVs had the highest concentration of BDE-209 of all products tested. This was followed by higher concentrations of HFRs in PCs, Audio/Video (A/V) devices, small household appliances (HHAs) and flat screen TVs. The removal of HFRs from polymer surfaces using wipes supports concerns that HFRs could be transferred from these surfaces to hands as a result of direct contact with HFR-containing products. Surface wipe testing shows promise for screening additive HFRs. In comparison, the Br-content obtained using a handheld XRF analyzer did not correspond to concentrations obtained from surface wipe testing. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.