Rapid recovery following short-term acoustic disturbance in two fish species.
Rapid recovery following short-term acoustic disturbance in two fish species.
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DOI：
10.1098/rsos.150686
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发表时间：
2016-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Radford AN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bruintjes R;Purser J;Everley KA;Mangan S;Simpson SD;Radford AN
已知人类活动产生的噪音会影响各种生物，但大多数关于噪音行为影响的实验研究都集中在检查与实际暴露时间相关的反应。与大多数污染物不同，声学噪声通常是短暂的，通常在源关闭或离开该区域后迅速消散。在一系列的实验中，我们使用已建立的实验范式来研究鱼类的行为和生理是如何受到影响的，无论是在短期（2分钟）暴露于人为噪声源的录音回放，并在噪声暴露后立即。研究了欧洲鳗鲡幼鱼和欧洲鲈鱼幼鱼对捕食者的反应和通气率。如前所述，额外的噪声暴露降低鳗鱼抗捕食者的反应，增加惊吓潜伏期和增加通风率相对于环境噪声暴露的控制。我们的研究结果表明，第一次，这些影响迅速消散，鳗鱼表现出快速恢复的惊吓反应和惊吓潜伏期，和快速，但不完全恢复的通气率在2分钟后，噪音停止。在实验室和开放水域条件下的海底显示出增加的通风率在播放额外的噪音与环境条件相比。然而，在2分钟的噪音停止，通风率显示完全恢复到相当于环境暴露的控制个人的水平。在概括这些快速恢复的结果时应注意，因为个体在噪声暴露期间可能会产生其他成本，而其他物种可能会显示出不同的恢复时间。尽管如此，我们从两种不同的鱼类的结果提供了暂时的原因，乐观的恢复后，短时间的噪音暴露，并建议考虑期间噪音暴露可能是重要的缓解和管理决策。
Noise from human activities is known to impact organisms in a variety of taxa, but most experimental studies on the behavioural effects of noise have focused on examining responses associated with the period of actual exposure. Unlike most pollutants, acoustic noise is generally short-lived, usually dissipating quickly after the source is turned off or leaves the area. In a series of experiments, we use established experimental paradigms to examine how fish behaviour and physiology are affected, both during short-term (2 min) exposure to playback of recordings of anthropogenic noise sources and in the immediate aftermath of noise exposure. We considered the anti-predator response and ventilation rate of juvenile European eels (Anguilla anguilla) and ventilation rate of juvenile European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax). As previously found, additional-noise exposure decreased eel anti-predator responses, increased startle latency and increased ventilation rate relative to ambient-noise-exposed controls. Our results show for the first time that those effects quickly dissipated; eels showed rapid recovery of startle responses and startle latency, and rapid albeit incomplete recovery of ventilation rate in the 2 min after noise cessation. Seabass in both laboratory and open-water conditions showed an increased ventilation rate during playback of additional noise compared with ambient conditions. However, within 2 min of noise cessation, ventilation rate showed complete recovery to levels equivalent to ambient-exposed control individuals. Care should be taken in generalizing these rapid-recovery results, as individuals might have accrued other costs during noise exposure and other species might show different recovery times. Nonetheless, our results from two different fish species provide tentative cause for optimism with respect to recovery following short-duration noise exposure, and suggest that considering periods following noise exposures could be important for mitigation and management decisions.