Design and Modeling of an Adaptively Controlled Rainwater Harvesting System
Design and Modeling of an Adaptively Controlled Rainwater Harvesting System
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DOI：
10.3390/w9120974
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发表时间：
2017-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Culligan, Patricia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Roman, David;Braga, Andrea;Culligan, Patricia
城市雨水管理，以减轻合流下水道溢流（CSO）是许多城市的优先事项;然而，很少有真正创新的方法来解决这个问题。然而，信息技术的最新进展现在提供了具有成本效益的机会，通过连续监测和自适应控制（CMAC）方法来实现传统雨水基础设施的更好性能。本研究的主要目的是证明，CMAC方法可以应用到传统的雨水收集系统在纽约市，以提高性能，最大限度地减少排放到合流下水道在降雨事件，减少用水灌溉当地植被，优化植被健康。为了实现这一目标，水文和水力模型的规划和设计的雨水收集系统，探索多种潜在的情况下，系统的实际建设。模型结果表明，CMAC雨水收集系统，预计将提供显着的性能改善传统的雨水收集系统。预计CMAC系统平均每年可捕获和保留76.6%的屋顶径流，而传统的湿度和计时器系统分别仅为14.8%和41.3%。同样，CMAC系统预计将使用81.4%和18.0%的收集雨水比传统的水分和定时器为基础的灌溉方法，分别。CMAC方法的灵活性，以满足相互竞争的目标是有希望的广泛实施，在纽约市和其他严重城市化地区的雨水管理问题的挑战。
Management of urban stormwater to mitigate Combined Sewer Overflows (CSOs) is a priority for many cities; yet, few truly innovative approaches have been proposed to address the problem. Recent advances in information technology are now, however, providing cost-effective opportunities to achieve better performance of conventional stormwater infrastructure through a Continuous Monitoring and Adaptive Control (CMAC) approach. The primary objective of this study was to demonstrate that a CMAC approach can be applied to a conventional rainwater harvesting system in New York City to improve performance by minimizing discharge to the combined sewer during rainfall events, reducing water use for irrigation of local vegetation, and optimizing vegetation health. To achieve this objective, a hydrologic and hydraulic model was developed for a planned and designed rainwater harvesting system to explore multiple potential scenarios prior to the system's actual construction. Model results indicate that the CMAC rainwater harvesting system is expected to provide significant performance improvements over conventional rainwater harvesting systems. The CMAC system is expected to capture and retain 76.6% of roof runoff per year on average, as compared to just 14.8% and 41.3% for conventional moisture and timer based systems, respectively. Similarly, the CMAC system is expected to use 81.4% and 18.0% less harvested rainwater than conventional moisture and timer based irrigation approaches, respectively. The flexibility of the CMAC approach to meet competing objectives is promising for widespread implementation in New York City and other heavily urbanized areas challenged by stormwater management issues.