Sulfatide species with various fatty acid chains in oligodendrocytes at different developmental stages determined by imaging mass spectrometry
Sulfatide species with various fatty acid chains in oligodendrocytes at different developmental stages determined by imaging mass spectrometry
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DOI：
10.1111/jnc.13897
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发表时间：
2017-02-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Yamada, Hisao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hirahara, Yukie;Wakabayashi, Taketoshi;Yamada, Hisao
HSO 3 -3-半乳糖神经酰胺（硫苷脂）物质包含少突胶质细胞和髓鞘的主要鞘糖脂组分，并在调节少突胶质细胞成熟和髓鞘形成中发挥功能作用。虽然不同的硫苷脂种类含有不同的脂肪酸，目前还不清楚这些硫苷脂种类如何影响少突神经发生和髓鞘形成。与硫苷脂反应的O 4单克隆抗体已被广泛用作少突胶质细胞和髓鞘的有用标记物。然而，硫苷脂合成过程中的前少突胶质细胞阶段，其中分化成少突胶质细胞谱系已经发生，还没有被检查。值得注意的是，这个阶段包括O 4阳性细胞。在这项研究中，我们确定了一种硫苷脂物种从少突胶质细胞到髓鞘形成阶段的成像质谱。结果表明，16碳非羟基化脂肪酸（C16）和18碳非羟基化脂肪酸（C18）或18碳羟基化脂肪酸（C18-OH）的短链硫脂存在于早期胚胎脊髓的限制区域，在那里最初出现的前少突胶质细胞，并与Olig 2阳性的前少突胶质细胞共定位。C18和C18-OH硫苷脂也存在于分离的前少突成纤维细胞。C22-OH硫苷脂在少突胶质细胞发育后期占主导地位，而C24硫苷脂在成人脑中占主导地位。此外，在成人大脑的不同区域中的每种硫苷脂的存在被证明是由成像质谱在增加的横向分辨率。这些研究结果表明，O 4识别前少突成纤维细胞中具有短链脂肪酸的硫苷。此外，随着少突胶质细胞的成熟，硫苷脂的脂肪酸链变得更长。因此，个别硫苷脂种类可能在少突胶质细胞成熟和髓鞘形成中具有独特的作用。
HSO3-3-galactosylceramide (Sulfatide) species comprise the major glycosphingolipid components of oligodendrocytes and myelin and play functional roles in the regulation of oligodendrocyte maturation and myelin formation. Although various sulfatide species contain different fatty acids, it is unclear how these sulfatide species affect oligodendrogenesis and myelination. The O4 monoclonal antibody reaction with sulfatide has been widely used as a useful marker for oligodendrocytes and myelin. However, sulfatide synthesis during the pro-oligodendroblast stage, where differentiation into the oligodendrocyte lineage has already occurred, has not been examined. Notably, this stage comprises O4-positive cells. In this study, we identified a sulfatide species from the pro-oligodendroblast-to-myelination stage by imaging mass spectrometry. The results demonstrated that short-chain sulfatides with 16 carbon non-hydroxylated fatty acids (C16) and 18 carbon non-hydroxylated fatty acids (C18) or 18 carbon hydroxylated fatty acids (C18-OH) existed in restricted regions of the early embryonic spinal cord, where pro-oligodendroblasts initially appear, and co-localized with Olig2-positive pro-oligodendroblasts. C18 and C18-OH sulfatides also existed in isolated pro-oligodendroblasts. C22-OH sulfatide became predominant later in oligodendrocyte development and the longer C24 sulfatide was predominant in the adult brain. Additionally, the presence of each sulfatide species in a different area of the adult brain was demonstrated by imaging mass spectrometry at an increased lateral resolution. These findings indicated that O4 recognized sulfatides with short-chain fatty acids in pro-oligodendroblasts. Moreover, the fatty acid chain of the sulfatide became longer as the oligodendrocyte matured. Therefore, individual sulfatide species may have unique roles in oligodendrocyte maturation and myelination.