PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL ADAPTATIONS OF 3 SPECIES OF LEAFHOPPERS IN RESPONSE TO THE DILUTE NUTRIENT CONTENT OF XYLEM FLUID
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL ADAPTATIONS OF 3 SPECIES OF LEAFHOPPERS IN RESPONSE TO THE DILUTE NUTRIENT CONTENT OF XYLEM FLUID
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DOI：
10.1016/0022-1910(93)90020-r
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发表时间：
1993-01-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
ANDERSEN, PC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BRODBECK, BV;MIZELL, RF;ANDERSEN, PC
本文研究了三种叶蝉在极稀营养液中的生理和行为过程。对凝结平盘藻Homalodisca coagulata（Say）、特异平盘藻Homalodisca insolita（Wlk.）和Cuerna costalis（F.）以紫薇（Lagerstroemia indica L.）和长春花Catharanthus roseus（L.）分析了排泄物，并将其与宿主白天和夜间取食时木质部流体的组成进行了比较。木质部流体和昆虫排泄物进行了分析的氨基酸，有机酸和糖和排泄物也进行了分析，为共同的排泄产物。计算有机化合物代谢转化的影响（由摄入量与排泄量定义）以及总氮和碳保留。记录了昼夜摄食模式以及每日总摄食率。无论叶蝉种类、宿主种类或性别如何，在食物利用方面都注意到四个主要的相似之处：（1）氨作为主要废物的排泄;（2）从木质部流体摄取的所有有机化合物的高转化效率;（3）高的每日摄食率（每天100-300倍干体重）和（4）根据木质部流体化学的昼夜波动调整摄食率。虽然这些过程是操作所有叶蝉检查，其使用和随后的能量增益和氮积累的程度变化很大，宿主物种和昆虫性别。这些过程中最大限度地提高效率的饮食利用和木质部取食昆虫的营养和热量需求进行了讨论。
Physiological and behavioral processes of three species of leafhoppers were examined in relation to the extremely dilute content of their food source (xylem fluid). Segregated sexes of Homalodisca coagulata (Say), Homalodisca insolita (Wlk.) and Cuerna costalis (F.) were caged on two hosts, Lagerstroemia indica L. and Catharanthus roseus (L.). Excreta was analyzed and compared to the composition of xylem fluid of the hosts during day and night feeding. Both xylem fluid and insect excreta were analyzed for amino acids, organic acids and sugars and excreta was also analyzed for common excretory products. Efficiencies of metabolic conversion of organic compounds (defined by quantity ingested versus quantity excreted), and total nitrogen and carbon retention were calculated. Diurnal feeding patterns as well as total daily ingestion rates were recorded. Four primary similarities were noted in diet utilization regardless of leafhopper species, host species or sex: (1) excretion of ammonia as the primary waste product; (2) high efficiency of conversion for all organic compounds ingested from xylem fluid; (3) high daily feeding rates (100-300 times dry body weight per day and (4) adjustment of feeding rates to diurnal fluctuations in xylem fluid chemistry. Although these processes were operative for all leafhoppers examined, the extent of their usage and subsequent energy gain and nitrogen accumulation varied greatly with host species and insect sex. These processes maximize efficiency of diet utilization and are discussed in relation to nutritional and caloric requirements of xylem feeding insects.