Effect of a cognitive test at license renewal for older drivers on their crash risk in Japan
Effect of a cognitive test at license renewal for older drivers on their crash risk in Japan
复制标题
DOI：
10.1136/injuryprev-2018-043117
复制
发表时间：
2020-06-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Nakahara, Shinji
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ichikawa, Masao;Inada, Haruhiko;Nakahara, Shinji
目的评价在75岁以上驾驶员续证程序中增加认知测试对减少机动车碰撞（MVC）的效果。自2009年6月以来，该测试一直是强制性的。方法使用2005年1月至2016年12月警方每月报告的全国机动车交通事故数据，我们按性别和年龄组计算了每个持牌驾驶员每年的机动车交通事故率（70-74，75-79，80至84岁及85岁或以上）的平均死亡人数比率，以及三个最高年龄组别的平均死亡人数比率（接受测试）与70-74岁年龄组（不接受测试）的比较，以控制研究期间影响MVC的外来因素。然后，我们进行了一个中断的时间序列分析，通过回归率比分层的性别和年龄组的月数从2005年1月，六月2009（当认知测试被引入许可证更新程序时）和2012年6月（所有须参加考试的驾驶人最少已参加一次）结果在研究期间，男性和女性驾驶员的比率呈纵向下降趋势，而引入认知测试后，没有观察到任何明显的影响，而引入认知测试后，结论：对于75岁或以上的驾驶员，认知测试没有明显的安全益处，以减少他们的MVC。
ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of adding a cognitive test to a license renewal procedure for drivers aged 75 years or older in reducing their motor vehicle collisions (MVCs). The test has been obligatory since June 2009.MethodsUsing monthly police-reported national data on MVCs from January 2005 through December 2016, we calculated the rates of MVCs per licensed driver-year by sex and age group (70-74, 75-79, 80-84 and 85 years or older) for each month together with the ratios of MVC rates of drivers in the three oldest age groups (which are subject to the test) to those of the 70-74 years group (not subject to the test) to control for extraneous factors affecting MVCs over the study period. Then, we conducted an interrupted time-series analysis by regressing the rate ratio stratified by sex and age group on the number of months from January 2005, June 2009 (when the cognitive test was introduced to a license renewal procedure) and June 2012 (when all drivers subject to the test have taken it at least once).ResultsThe rates showed a longitudinal decrease in male and female drivers over the study period without any apparent effects of the introduction of the cognitive test while no significant decrease was observed in the rate ratios after the introduction of the cognitive test.ConclusionsThere were no clear safety benefits of the cognitive test for drivers aged 75 years or older to reduce their MVCs.