Resilient offspring of alcoholics: a longitudinal study from birth to age 18.
Resilient offspring of alcoholics: a longitudinal study from birth to age 18.
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酗酒者的后代有复原力：从出生到 18 岁的纵向研究。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1986
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
E. Werner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Werner
这项研究的重点是儿童的特点和生活环境的质量，区分酗酒者的后代谁做了和那些谁没有发展到18岁的严重应对问题。这49名受试者（22名男性）是1955年出生于夏威夷考艾岛的698名儿童的多种族队列的成员，他们在1岁、2岁、10岁和18岁时接受了随访。在这一组中，男性和酗酒母亲的后代在儿童期和青春期的心理社会问题发生率高于女性和酗酒父亲的后代。在18岁之前没有出现严重应对问题的酗酒者的孩子在气质、沟通技巧、自我概念和控制点方面与那些有严重应对问题的酗酒者的孩子不同。他们在生命的头两年也经历了更少的破坏家庭单位的压力生活事件。研究结果支持人类发展的交易模型，并证明儿童照顾者的影响是双向的。
This study focuses on child characteristics and on the qualities of the caregiving environment that differentiated between offspring of alcoholics who did and those who did not develop serious coping problems by age 18. The 49 subjects (22 male) are members of a multiracial cohort of 698 children born in 1955 on the island of Kauai, Hawaii, who were followed at ages 1, 2, 10 and 18. In this group, males and the offspring of alcoholic mothers had higher rates of psychosocial problems in childhood and adolescence than females and the offspring of alcoholic fathers. Children of alcoholics who developed no serious coping problems by age 18 differed from those who did in characteristics of temperament, communication skills, self-concept and locus of control. They had also experienced fewer stressful life events disrupting their family unit in the first two years of life. Results of the study support a transactional model of human development and demonstrate bidirectionality of child-caregiver effects.