At the Limits of Historical Geography: Reconstructing Aramaean Territories in the West According to the Neo-Assyrian Written Sources
At the Limits of Historical Geography: Reconstructing Aramaean Territories in the West According to the Neo-Assyrian Written Sources
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在历史地理的限制下：根据新亚述文字资料重建西方的阿拉姆领土
DOI：
10.1163/9789004398535_002
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. M. Bagg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. M. Bagg
当亚述那西尔帕二世成为200年来第一个穿越幼发拉底河到达地中海的亚述统治者时，在他的第九次战役中（公元前875年至867年），黎凡特是一个独立国家的联合体。1亚述人把卢威人和阿拉米人共存的北方地区称为亚摩尔人，而讲西闪米特语的南方地区称为亚摩尔人。2到提革拉毗列色三世统治结束时，经过不到一个半世纪的42次军事行动，3整个地区都在亚述的控制之下。大多数曾经独立的政治单位被亚述帝国吞并为省，而那些留下来的人可以保持一定的独立性，在他们的内政作为亚述的附庸。[4]这一地区的阿拉姆王国，在新亚述时代晚期的文献中也被称为埃贝尔-纳瑞[5]，这里按地理顺序从北到南列出：萨姆萨拉，也被称为贝特-加巴里，Ia ānu/贝特-阿格西，amat/Lu uti，upat/贝特-鲁比，以及Dimašqa，也被称为Ša-imršu或贝特-鲁扎伊利。[6]在此背景下，我们还必须提及后期赫梯王国帕蒂努，1 Bagg 2011：map 2.8。2关于亚述人对黎凡特的看法和命名，参见Bagg 2011：11-40，以及分别在rgtc 7/1、11-15和95-100中的“Amurratti”和“Almarti”两篇文章。3 Bagg 2011：Tab. 4. B，418-423。
When Ashurnasirpal ii became the first Assyrian ruler in two hundred years to cross the Euphrates and reach the Mediterranean, during his 9th campaign (between 875 and 867 BCE), the Levant was a conglomerate of independent countries. 1 The Assyrians called the northern part, where Luwian and Aramaean elements coexisted, Ḫatti, whereas the southern part, where West-Semitic languages were spoken, was known as Amurrû. 2 By the end of Tiglath-pileser iii’s reign, after 42 military campaigns in less than one and a half centuries, 3 the entire region was under Assyrian control. Most of the once independent political units were annexed into the Assyrian Empire as provinces, while those remaining could maintain a certain independence in their home-affairs as Assyrian vassals. 4 The Aramaean kingdoms in this region, also called Eber-nāri in late Neo-Assyrian sources, 5 are listed here in geographic order, from north to south: Samʾalla, also known as Bīt-Gabbāri, Iaḫānu/Bīt-Agūsi, Ḫamat/Luḫuti, Ṣupat/Bīt-Ruḫubi, and Dimašqa, also referred to as Ša-imērīšu or Bīt-Ḫazāili. 6 In this context we must also mention the Late Hittite kingdom of Pattinu, 1 Bagg 2011: map 2.8. 2 For the Assyrian perception and naming of the Levant see Bagg 2011: 11–40, as well as the articles “Amurrû” and “Ḫatti” in rgtc 7/1, 11–15 and 95–100 respectively. 3 Bagg 2011: Tab. 4. B, 418–423.