Changes in soil microbial community structure and function following degradation in a temperate grassland
Changes in soil microbial community structure and function following degradation in a temperate grassland
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温带草原退化后土壤微生物群落结构和功能的变化
DOI：
10.1093/jpe/rtaa102
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发表时间：
2021-06-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Xiao, Chunwang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yu, Yang;Zheng, Lang;Xiao, Chunwang
草地退化是维持草地生产力的一个重大挑战。这一过程对能量流动和土壤养分动态产生巨大影响，从而直接或间接地影响土壤微生物。在这里，我们的目标是（i）检查土壤微生物组成，多样性和功能的变化，以响应不同程度的草地退化（即非退化，中度和严重退化）在内蒙古温带草原，和（ii）阐明生物和非生物因素，负责这些变化。
利用高通量测序技术确定了土壤微生物群落的组成结构。使用FAPROTAX工具检查细菌群落的功能性，并且使用FUNGuild管道量化真菌群落的功能性公会。
草地退化显著降低土壤细菌多样性，但不影响真菌多样性。地下生物量、土壤有机碳和全氮与细菌群落多样性的变化呈正相关。草地退化显著增加了绿弯菌的相对丰度（从2.48%增加到8.40%），减少了厚壁菌的相对丰度（从3.62%减少到1.08%）。降解还显著增加了真菌群落中球囊菌门的相对丰度（从0.17%增加到1.53%），并降低了担子菌门的相对丰度（从19.30%减少到4.83%）。降解后病原真菌（双孢霉属和镰刀菌属）的相对丰度显著降低。此外，降解有显着的影响，与土壤碳和氮循环的土壤细菌的假定功能。结果表明，温带草原土壤细菌群落对退化的响应比真菌群落更敏感。
Grassland degradation represents a major challenge in the maintenance of grassland productivity. This process has dramatic impacts on energy flows and soil nutrient dynamics, thus directly or indirectly influencing soil microbes. Here, we aim to (i) examine changes in soil microbial composition, diversity and functionality in response to different levels of grassland degradation (i.e. non-degraded, moderately and severely degraded) in a temperate grassland in Inner Mongolia, and (ii) elucidate biotic and abiotic factors that are responsible for these changes.
The composition structure of soil microbial community was determined by high-throughput sequencing. The functionality of bacterial communities was examined using the tool of FAPROTAX, and functional guilds of fungal communities were quantified using the FUNGuild pipeline.
Grassland degradation significantly decreased soil bacterial diversity but it did not affect fungal diversity. Belowground biomass, soil organic carbon and total nitrogen were positively related to changes in diversity of bacterial community. Grassland degradation significantly increased the relative abundance of Chloroflexi (from 2.48% to 8.40%) and decreased Firmicutes (from 3.62% to 1.08%) of bacterial community. Degradation also significantly increased the relative abundance of Glomeromycota (from 0.17% to 1.53%) and decreased Basidiomycota (from 19.30% to 4.83%) of fungal community. The relative abundance of pathogenic fungi (Didymella and Fusarium) was decreased significantly by degradation. In addition, degradation had a significant impact on putative functionality of soil bacteria related to soil carbon and nitrogen cycling. Our results suggest that soil bacterial community is more sensitive than fungal community in response to degradation in the temperate grassland.