Cluster survey evaluation of coverage and risk factors for failure to be immunized during the 1995 National Immunization Days in Egypt
Cluster survey evaluation of coverage and risk factors for failure to be immunized during the 1995 National Immunization Days in Egypt
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DOI：
10.1093/ije/27.6.1083
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发表时间：
1998-12-01
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Wahdan, MH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Reichler, MR;Darwish, A;Wahdan, MH
背景1995年，尽管埃及实现了至少三剂口服脊髓灰质炎病毒疫苗（OPV3）的高常规免疫覆盖率，并连续几年每年实施全国免疫日（NIDs），但埃及继续经历地方性野生脊髓灰质炎病毒传播。方法1995年第二轮NIDs后，对埃及3216户4188名儿童的父母进行了调查。据估计，74%的儿童接受了两次NID剂量，17%接受了一次NID剂量，9%没有接受NID剂量。以前未免疫（47%）或部分免疫（64%）的儿童接受两剂非免疫日剂量口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗的可能性低于完全免疫的儿童（76%）（P < 0.001）。全国范围内未接受NID OPV的其他危险因素包括从住所到最近的NID站点的距离>10分钟步行（P < 0.001），未提前至少一天通知NID（P < 0.001），以及居住在不看电视的家庭（P < 0.001）。根据这些调查结果，随后在埃及的全国免疫日进行了修改，以提高覆盖率，这导致了在埃及的麻痹性脊髓灰质炎的发病率显着下降。结论在选定的情况下，调查可以提供重要的信息，是有用的规划未来的全国免疫日。
Background In 1995, Egypt continued to experience endemic wild poliovirus transmission despite achieving high routine immunization coverage with at least three doses of oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV3) and implementing National Immunization Days (NIDs) annually for several years.Methods Parents of 4188 children in 3216 households throughout Egypt were surveyed after the second round of the 1995 NIDs.Results Nationwide, 74% of children are estimated to have received both NID doses, 17% one NID dose, and 9% neither NID dose. Previously unimmunized (47%) or partially immunized (64%) children were less likely to receive two NID doses of OPV than were fully immunized children (76%) (P < 0.001). Other risk factors nationwide for failure to receive NID OPV included distance from residence to nearest NID site >10 minute walk (P < 0.001), not being informed about the NID at least one day in advance (p < 0.001), and residing in a household which does not watch television (P < 0.001). Based on these findings, subsequent NIDs in Egypt were modified to improve coverage, which has resulted in a marked decrease in the incidence of paralytic poliomyelitis in Egypt.Conclusions Ln selected situations, surveys can provide important information that is useful for planning future NIDs.