Activity wheel running reduces escape latency and alters brain monoamine levels after footshock
Activity wheel running reduces escape latency and alters brain monoamine levels after footshock
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DOI：
10.1016/s0361-9230(96)00329-2
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发表时间：
1997-01-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Meyerhof, JL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dishman, RK;Renner, KJ;Meyerhof, JL
我们研究了慢性活动轮运行对大脑单胺的影响以及在之前暴露于无法控制、无法逃避的足部冲击后逃避足部冲击的潜伏期。单独饲养的年轻（类似于 50 天）雌性 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠被随机分配到标准笼子（久坐）或带有活动轮的笼子。 9-12周后，将动物按体重配对。活动轮动物的跑步距离也进行了匹配。每对配对的动物被随机分配到可控或不可控制的不可避免的足部电击组，第二天在穿梭箱中进行足部电击逃脱测试。在蓝斑（LC）、中缝背侧（DR）、中央杏仁核（AC）、 海马 (CA1)、弓状核、室旁核 (PVN) 和中脑中央灰质。在之前遭受无法控制的足部冲击后，与久坐的对照组相比，轮式跑步者的逃避潜伏期减少了 34%。与久坐的对照组相比，轮跑者的逃避潜伏期缩短与 LC 中的 NE 浓度升高 61% 以及 DR 中的 NE 浓度升高 44% 相关。与轮跑者相比，在无法控制的足部冲击后，久坐的对照组 CA1 中的 5-HIAA 浓度高出 31%，AC 中 5-HIAA 浓度高出 30%，并且在两种足部冲击条件下平均，AC 中 5-HT 浓度高出 28%，AC 中 5-HIAA 浓度高出 33%。尽管与活动轮动物相比，在无法控制的足部冲击后，弓状核中的 DA 浓度高出 52%，并且静坐两种足部冲击条件下 PVN 中的 DOPAC/DA 浓度平均高出 50%，PVN 中 5-HIAA/5-HT 浓度平均高出 17%，但中央灰质中的单胺或血浆催乳素或 ACTH 浓度没有组间差异。目前的结果表明昼夜节律身体活动的减弱作用，从而扩展了对逃避缺陷的理解。单胺水平的改变表明，在车轮行驶和足部震动后，大脑区域可以更直接地探测神经活动。 (C) 1997 爱思唯尔科学公司。
We examined the effects of chronic activity wheel running on brain monoamines and latency to escape foot shock after prior exposure to uncontrollable, inescapable foot shock. Individually housed young (similar to 50 day) female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to standard cages (sedentary) or cages with activity wheels. After 9-12 weeks, animals were matched in pairs on body mass. Activity wheel animals were also matched on running distance. An animal from each matched pair was randomly assigned to controllable or uncontrollable inescapable foot shock followed the next day by a foot shock escape test in a shuttle box. Brain concentrations of norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA) were assayed in the locus coeruleus (LC), dorsal raphe (DR), central amygdala (AC), hippocampus (CA1), arcuate nucleus, paraventricular nucleus (PVN), and midbrain central gray. After prior exposure to uncontrollable foot shock, escape latency was reduced by 34% for wheel runners compared with sedentary controls. The shortened escape latency for wheel runners was associated with 61% higher NE concentrations in LC and 44% higher NE concentrations in DR compared with sedentary controls. Sedentary controls, compared with wheel runners, had 31% higher 5-HIAA concentrations in CA1 and 30% higher 5-HIAA concentrations in AC after uncontrollable foot shock and had 28% higher 5-HT and 33% higher 5-HIAA concentrations in AC averaged across both foot shock conditions. There were no group differences in monoamines in the central gray or in plasma prolactin or ACTH concentrations, despite 52% higher DA concentrations in the arcuate nucleus after uncontrollable foot shock and 50% higher DOPAC/DA and 17% higher 5-HIAA/5-HT concentrations in the PVN averaged across both foot shock conditions for sedentary compared with activity wheel animals. The present results extend understanding of the escape-deficit by indicating an attenuating role for circadian physical activity. The altered monoamine levels suggest brain regions for more direct probes of neural activity after wheel running and foot shock. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Inc.