A longitudinal twin study of general cognitive ability over four decades.
A longitudinal twin study of general cognitive ability over four decades.
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DOI：
10.1037/dev0000303
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发表时间：
2017-06
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Xian H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lyons MJ;Panizzon MS;Liu W;McKenzie R;Bluestone NJ;Grant MD;Franz CE;Vuoksimaa EP;Toomey R;Jacobson KC;Reynolds CA;Kremen WS;Xian H
在这项纵向研究中，我们考察了一般认知能力(GCA)的稳定性，以及个体差异变化背后的异质性和遗传和环境影响。我们在1,288例越南时期对年龄在~20岁、~56岁和~62岁的老年参与者进行的双生子研究中，调查了从年轻成年到中年晚期的GCA。三种情况之间的相关性在0.73到0.85之间，反映了基本的稳定性。遗传力在三种情况下都很显著，范围在0.59到0.66之间。共享环境的影响在任何年龄段都不显著。三种情况下的遗传相关性在0.95到0.99之间，与1.0没有显著差异。非共享的环境相关性在0.21到0.47之间。潜伏期增长曲线分析被用来描述42年期间的轨迹。坡度显著不同于0，表明随着时间的推移有轻微的变化。GCA的初始水平有显著的遗传影响(H2=.67)，但没有显著的遗传影响(H2=.23)。遗传因素主要有助于稳定，而变化反映了非共有环境影响的影响。GCA初始水平与变化呈显著负相关(r=−.31)。潜在班级增长分析确定了四条轨迹。总体而言，这四组人遵循平行的轨迹，主要通过军事诱导时AFQT表现水平的差异来区分。
In this longitudinal study we examined the stability of general cognitive ability (GCA), as well as heterogeneity and genetic and environmental influences underlying individual differences in change. We investigated GCA from young adulthood through late midlife in 1,288 Vietnam Era Twin Study of Aging participants at ages ~20, ~56, and ~62 years. The correlations among the three occasions ranged from .73 to .85, reflecting substantial stability. The heritability was significant on each of the three occasions and ranged from .59 to .66. The influence of the shared environment was not significant at any of the ages. The genetic correlations across the three occasions ranged from .95 to .99 and did not differ significantly from 1.0. The nonshared environmental correlations ranged from .21 to .47. Latent growth curve analysis was applied to characterize trajectories over the 42 year period. Slope was significantly different from 0 and indicated that there was modest change over time. There was a significant genetic influence on initial level of GCA (h2 = .67), but not change (h2 = .23). Genetic factors primarily contribute to stability, while change reflects the influence of nonshared environmental influences. There was a significant negative correlation between initial level of GCA and change (r = −.31). Latent class growth analysis identified four trajectories. In general, the four groups followed parallel trajectories and were differentiated mainly by differences in AFQT performance level at the time of military induction.