The Failure of Race Neutral Policies: How Mandatory Terms and Sentencing Enhancements Contribute to Mass Racialized Incarceration
The Failure of Race Neutral Policies: How Mandatory Terms and Sentencing Enhancements Contribute to Mass Racialized Incarceration
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种族中立政策的失败：强制性条款和量刑增强如何导致大规模种族化监禁
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发表时间：
2011
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Traci Schlesinger
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作者：
Traci Schlesinger
本研究考察了强制性刑期和量刑增强对黑人和白人男子在州一级的入狱率的影响。分析得出了四个主要结论。首先，强制刑期和量刑提高都会增加黑人和白人的入狱率。其次，这些政策不成比例地增加了黑人男性的入学率。第三，这些政策的影响——无论是在规模上还是在差异上——对暴力犯罪的接纳都是最强烈和最一致的。最后，虽然量刑提高录取率比强制条件更一致，但强制条件对某些类别的录取率有更大的影响——例如，对黑人的暴力录取率——它们确实提高了录取率。这些发现与现代种族主义理论一致，后者认为，在后民权时代，种族差异主要是由无视肤色的政策和做法产生和维持的。
This study examines the effects of mandatory terms and sentencing enhancements on Black and White men’s state-level prison admission rates. Four major findings emerge from the analysis. First, both mandatory terms and sentencing enhancements increase prison admission rates for Black and White men. Second, these policies disproportionately increase Black men’s admissions. Third, the effects of these policies—on both scale and disparity—are strongest and most consistent on admissions for violent offenses. Finally, although sentencing enhancements increase admission rates more consistently than mandatory terms, mandatory terms have larger effects on admission rates for the categories—for example, violent admissions for Black men—where they do increase admission rates. The findings are consistent with theories of modern racism, which argue that, in the post-civil rights era, racial disparities are primarily produced and maintained by colorblind policies and practices.