Up-regulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in menthol cigarette smokers.
Up-regulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in menthol cigarette smokers.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1017/s1461145712001022
复制
发表时间：
2013-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mandelkern MA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brody AL;Mukhin AG;La Charite J;Ta K;Farahi J;Sugar CA;Mamoun MS;Vellios E;Archie M;Kozman M;Phuong J;Arlorio F;Mandelkern MA
三分之一的吸烟者主要使用薄荷香烟，使用这些香烟导致血清尼古丁水平升高，在标准治疗方案中更难戒烟。先前的脑成像研究表明，吸烟（与香烟类型无关）会导致含有β2*的尼古丁乙酰胆碱受体（nAChRs）的上调。我们试图确定使用薄荷醇香烟是否比使用非薄荷醇香烟导致更大的nAChR上调。114名参与者（22名薄荷醇吸烟者，41名非薄荷醇吸烟者和51名非吸烟者）使用α4β2* nAChR放射配体2-[18F]fluoro-A-85380 （2- fa）进行了正电子发射断层扫描。在比较薄荷吸烟者和非薄荷吸烟者时，对2-FA总量分布值的整体测试显示组间差异显著，这是由于不同地区薄荷吸烟者的α4β2* nAChR密度比非薄荷吸烟者高9-28%。在对整个吸烟者组与非吸烟者组进行比较时，整体测试显示组间差异显著，这是由于吸烟者在除丘脑（3%）外的所有研究区域（36-42%）中α4β2* nAChR水平较高。研究结果表明，薄荷醇吸烟者nachr的上调幅度大于非薄荷醇吸烟者。尽管薄荷醇影响受体密度的其他机制可能存在，但这种差异可能与薄荷醇吸烟者的尼古丁暴露程度较高有关。这些结果提供了关于薄荷香烟使用严重程度的额外信息，并可能有助于解释为什么这些吸烟者在标准治疗方案中戒烟更困难。
One-third of smokers primarily use menthol cigarettes and usage of these cigarettes leads to elevated serum nicotine levels and more difficulty quitting in standard treatment programmes. Previous brain imaging studies demonstrate that smoking (without regard to cigarette type) leads to up-regulation of β2*-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). We sought to determine if menthol cigarette usage results in greater nAChR up-regulation than non-menthol cigarette usage. Altogether, 114 participants (22 menthol cigarette smokers, 41 non-menthol cigarette smokers and 51 non-smokers) underwent positron emission tomography scanning using the α4β2* nAChR radioligand 2-[18F]fluoro-A-85380 (2-FA). In comparing menthol to non-menthol cigarette smokers, an overall test of 2-FA total volume of distribution values revealed a significant between-group difference, resulting from menthol smokers having 9–28% higher α4β2* nAChR densities than non-menthol smokers across regions. In comparing the entire group of smokers to non-smokers, an overall test revealed a significant between-group difference, resulting from smokers having higher α4β2* nAChR levels in all regions studied (36–42%) other than thalamus (3%). Study results demonstrate that menthol smokers have greater up-regulation of nAChRs than non-menthol smokers. This difference is presumably related to higher nicotine exposure in menthol smokers, although other mechanisms for menthol influencing receptor density are possible. These results provide additional information about the severity of menthol cigarette use and may help explain why these smokers have more trouble quitting in standard treatment programmes.