Influence of Chilling Accumulation Time on Flower Bud Abortion Occurrence in Japanese Pear Grown under Mild Winter Conditions
Influence of Chilling Accumulation Time on Flower Bud Abortion Occurrence in Japanese Pear Grown under Mild Winter Conditions
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DOI：
10.17660/actahortic.2010.872.6
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发表时间：
2010-08
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. R. Yamamoto-R.;Y. Sekozawa;S. Sugaya;H. Gemma
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. R. Yamamoto-R.;Y. Sekozawa;S. Sugaya;H. Gemma
巴西南部秋冬季节的温和高温波动引发了一种被称为花蕾败育的现象，导致花朵数量减少，导致日本梨产量下降。本研究的主要目的是研究日本梨盆栽植物休眠不同时期低温不足的影响及其与“花蕾败育”现象的关系。为此，选用了在低温积累不足条件下表现不同的两个品种‘厚穗’和‘口穗’。为了确定休眠的克服，使用了两个经典模型：内气味阶段低于7.2℃的低温小时数(CH)和生态气味阶段热量积累期间的生长度小时(GDH)；另一个模型称为发育阶段指数(DVI)，用于这两个休眠阶段。花芽败育现象在所有处理中均可观察到，“厚穗”的花芽败育发生率高于“口穗”。随着冷藏处理时间的推迟，这种现象的发生增多。与第一年(2005-06)相比，第二年(2006-07)所有处理在冷藏积累期的平均温度较高，这反映在两个休眠阶段的DVI进程和持续时间：在第二年，所有处理都增加了开花所需的600CH和GDH的积累时间。这些结果表明，休眠初期的温度范围对“花芽败育”的发生、需冷量和休眠持续时间的影响，‘厚穗’比‘口穗’更大。
Mild and high temperature fluctuation during the autumn-winter season in Southern Brazil triggered a phenomenon called "flower bud abortion", which reduces the number of flowers and result in low Japanese pear production. The main objective of this work was to study the effects of insufficient chilling at different times of dormancy in Japanese pear potted plants and their relation to the "flower bud abortion" phenomenon. For this purpose, two 'Housui' and 'Kousui' cultivars, which had different performance under insufficient chilling accumulation, were used. For the determination of the dormancy overcoming, two classic models were used: amount of chilling hours (CH) below 7.2°C during endodormancy phase and the growth degree hours (GDH) during heating accumulation on ecodormancy phase; another model, called developmental stage index (DVI), was used for both phases of dormancy. The "flower bud abortion" was observed in all treatments, and its incidence was higher in 'Housui' than in 'Kousui'. With delaying chilling treatment, the occurrence of the phenomenon increased. Compared to the first year of experiment (2005-06), the second year (2006-07) had higher average temperatures during period of chilling accumulation in all treatments, and this was reflected on DVI progression and duration in both stages of dormancy: the time necessary to accumulate 600CH and GDH necessary for flowering increased in all treatments during the second year of the experiment. These results suggested that the temperature range at the initial phase of dormancy affects on "flower bud abortion" occurrence, chilling requirement and duration of dormancy more in 'Housui' than in 'Kousui'.