In vitro activity of quinupristin/dalfopristin in comparison with five antibiotics against worldwide clinical isolates of staphylococci.
In vitro activity of quinupristin/dalfopristin in comparison with five antibiotics against worldwide clinical isolates of staphylococci.
复制标题
奎奴普汀/达福普汀与五种抗生素对全球临床葡萄球菌分离株的体外活性比较。
DOI：
10.1046/j.1469-0691.2000.00152.x
复制
发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
G. Roche
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Auckenthaler;P. Courvalin;C. Féger;G. Roche
目的
评价奎奴普汀/达福普汀（Q/D）（一种链阳性菌素组合）与5种抗生素相比对全球临床葡萄球菌分离株的体外活性。
方法
在1997年的3个月内（4月至6月），使用E试验对来自18个受试国家23家不同医院住院患者的新鲜、具有临床意义、非重复性葡萄球菌菌株进行了一项多中心体外研究。
结果
对2132株耐甲氧西林（MR）、敏感（MS）的葡萄球菌进行了耐药谱分析。aureus（1003 MS，462 MR）、S. epidermidis（169 MS，251 MR）、S.溶血性链球菌（28 MS，46 MR）、S.人型葡萄球菌（MS 28株，MR 16株）和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（MS 86株，MR 43株）。Q/D对所有供试种属均具有高度活性。MIC 90（mg/L）范围为0.5 - 2，取决于种属。MIC ≤ 1 mg/L的菌株占97.6%。对于鼠伤寒沙门氏金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌S.人葡萄球菌和其他凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌对MS或MR的MIC 90无差异。溶血性链球菌，总体上是较不敏感的种属。在57- 87%的MR-菌株中观察到红霉素耐药性，在MS-菌株中较低（18-56%）。红霉素耐药性对Q/D的MIC无影响或影响很小。与万古霉素相比，Q/D的活性高2至4倍。
结论
链阳性菌素组合Q/D显示出对所有测试的葡萄球菌物种的优异体外活性，而不管对其他药物类别的耐药模式，特别是对甲氧西林的耐药。Q/D的活性是万古霉素的2 - 4倍，MIC值根据种属的不同在0.5-2之间变化。Q/D的协同作用在大环内酯类耐药菌株中保持良好。
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the in vitro activity of quinupristin/dalfopristin (Q/D), a streptogramin combination, in comparison with five antibiotics against worldwide clinical isolates of staphylococci.
METHODS
A multicenter in vitro study was performed using the E test during a period of 3 months (April to June) in 1997 on fresh, clinically significant, non repetitive strains of staphylococci from patients hospitalized in 23 different hospitals in 18 countries tested.
RESULTS
A total of 2132 staphylococcal isolates including methicillin resistant (MR), methicillin susceptible (MS) S. aureus (1003 MS, 462 MR), S. epidermidis (169 MS, 251 MR), S. haemolyticus (28 MS, 46 MR), S. hominis (28 MS, 16 MR), and coagulase negative staphylococci (86 MS, 43 MR) were analyzed. Q/D was highly active against all species tested. MIC90 (mg/L) ranged from 0.5 to 2 depending on the species. Strains had MIC < or = 1 mg/L in 97.6%. For S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. hominis and other coagulase-negative staphylococci no differences in MIC90 were observed for MS or MR. One dilution difference was observed for S. haemolyticus, which overall was the less susceptible species. Erythromycin resistance was observed among 57- 87% of MR-strains and was lower among MS-strains (18-56%). Erythromycin resistance had no or little influence on MIC of Q/D. In comparison to vancomycin, Q/D was two to four times more active.
CONCLUSIONS
The streptogramin combination Q/D showed an excellent in vitro activity against all staphylococcal species tested regardless of the resistance pattern to other drug classes, particularly resistance to methicillin. Q/D was two to four times more active than vancomycin and MIC values varied from 0.5-2 according to the species. The synergy of Q/D was well conserved in macrolide-resistant strains.