First report of multiple resistance to eprinomectin and benzimidazole in Haemonchus contortus on a dairy goat farm in France
First report of multiple resistance to eprinomectin and benzimidazole in Haemonchus contortus on a dairy goat farm in France
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.parint.2020.102063
复制
发表时间：
2020-06-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Jacquiet, Philippe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bordes, Lea;Dumont, Nicolas;Jacquiet, Philippe
浇泼型埃普利诺菌素最近注册用于哺乳期小型反刍动物。鉴于奶山羊胃肠道线虫中苯并咪唑耐药性的高流行率，许多农民仅使用埃普利诺菌素治疗他们的动物。在一个法国奶山羊农场，一名兽医注意到对两种类型的埃普利诺菌素治疗（浇泼剂和注射剂）的反应不佳。因此，我们根据世界兽医寄生虫学促进协会（WAAVP）指南，采用粪便虫卵计数减少试验（FECRT）评价了两种埃普利诺菌素制剂以及莫昔克丁和芬苯达唑的疗效。线虫物种进行了鉴定，在第0天和处理后第14天后，大量幼虫培养物，形态和实时PCR。在给药后第2天和第5天，通过高效液相色谱法（HPLC）分析埃普利诺菌素给药组中埃普利诺菌素的血浆浓度。在接受埃普利诺菌素局部（-16.7%; 95% CI：[-237; 59]）或皮下（21.5%; 95% CI：[-126; 73]）和芬苯达唑（-5.8%; 95% CI：[-205; 63]）给药的动物中，虫卵计数减少较差。通过形态学和实时荧光定量PCR检测，处理前后的主要虫种为捻转血矛线虫。在所有接受埃普利诺菌素给药的动物中测定了埃普利诺菌素的血浆浓度，在给药后第2天高于2 ng/ml，表明缺乏效应并非由于蠕虫对药物的低暴露量所致。有趣的是，莫昔克丁在所有感染动物中仍然有效。这是首次报道的对埃普利诺菌素和苯并咪唑多重耐药的H。在法国奶山羊农场使用莫昔克丁作为相关替代品。
Pour-on eprinomectin was recently registered for lactating small ruminants. Given the high prevalence of benzimidazole resistance in gastrointestinal nematodes in dairy goats, many farmers use eprinomectin exclusively to treat their animals. On a French dairy goat farm, a veterinary practitioner noted a poor response to two types of eprinomectin treatment (pour-on application and injectable formulation). Therefore, we evaluated the efficacy of both formulations of eprinomectin, as well as moxidectin and fenbendazole, using the fecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) according to the World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology (WAAVP) guidelines. Nematode species were identified at days 0 and post-treatment days 14 after bulk larval cultures, by morphology and real-time PCR. Plasma concentrations of eprinomectin were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) at post-treatment days 2 and 5 in the eprinomectin-treated groups. Egg count reductions were poor in animals treated with topical (-16.7%; 95% CI:[-237; 59]) or subcutaneous (21.5%; 95% CI:[-126; 73]) eprinomectin, and with fenbendazole (-5.8%; 95% CI:[-205; 63]). Haemonchus contortus was the main species identified by morphology and by real-time PCR before and after treatment. The plasma concentrations of eprinomectin were determined in all eprinomectin-treated animals and were above 2 ng/ml at post-treatment day 2, indicating that the lack of effect was not due to low exposure of the worms to the drug. Interestingly, moxidectin remained effective in all infected animals. This is the first report of multiple resistance to eprinomectin and benzimidazole in H. contortus on a French dairy goat farm with moxidectin as a relevant alternative.