UAV vs classical aerial photogrammetry for archaeological studies
UAV vs classical aerial photogrammetry for archaeological studies
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考古研究中无人机与经典航空摄影测量的比较
DOI：
10.1016/j.jasrep.2016.09.004
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
N. Argyropoulos
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Nikolakopoulos;Konstantina Soura;I. Koukouvelas;N. Argyropoulos
在Stavros，Chalandritsa，20公里以南的帕特雷，希腊，带来了光广泛的青铜时代晚期定居点，至少在公元前13和12世纪居住。12英亩的岩石山顶上，这提供了一个更广泛的地区的通畅监督。由于高度精确的测绘和3D重建是考古学分析和解释的基础，因此该特定区域被用作传统地形测量、航空摄影和基于无人机（UAV）的摄影测量之间比较的测试区域。该定居点采用传统的地形测量方法，使用视距仪和差分GNSS系统进行测绘。数字摄影测量技术应用于模拟航空照片，以创建（DSM）和正射影像从考古遗址。使用两种不同的无人机进行了两次独立的低空飞行。计算机视觉技术沿着摄影测量分析技术被用于利用差分GNSS接收器收集的地面控制点（GCP）执行光束法平差。3D模型是根据无人机活动中捕获的图像创建的。还制作了像素大小为5厘米的超高分辨率正射影像和具有相应空间分辨率的DSM。正射影像在地理参考精度方面得到验证，DSM在高度精度方面得到验证。与传统地形测量相比，无人机衍生产品的精度达到99.6%。Chalandritsa试验场的结果提供了强有力的证据，证明无人机图像创建的3D模型可以精确到足以进行精确测量。
Excavations at Stavros, Chalandritsa, 20 km south of Patras, Greece, have brought to light an extensive Late Bronze Age settlement, inhabited at least during the 13th and 12th centuries B.C. The settlement covers an area of approx. 12 acres on top of a rocky hilltop, which offers an unobstructed supervision of the wider region. As highly accurate mapping and 3D reconstructions are fundamental for analyses and interpretations in archaeology, the specific area was used as a test area for a comparison between classical topographic survey, airphoto and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) based photogrammetry. The settlement was mapped with traditional topographic surveying methods using tachymeter and Differential GNSS system. Digital photogrammetric techniques were applied on analogue airphotos to create (DSMs) and orthophotos from the archaeological site. Two independent low altitude aerial campaigns were carried out using two different UAVs. Computer vision techniques along with photogrammetric analysis techniques were used to perform bundle adjustment with ground control points (GCPs) collected with a differential GNSS receiver. 3D models were created from the imagery captured from the UAV campaigns. Ultra-high resolution orthophotos with a pixel size of 5 cm and DSMs with respective spatial resolution were also created. The orthophotos were validated in terms of georeferencing accuracy and the DSMs were validated in terms of height accuracy. The accuracy of the UAV derived products reaches 99.6% compared to classical topographic measurements. Chalandritsa test site results provide strong evidence that 3D models created by UAV imagery can be accurate enough to perform precise measurements.