A LOW-COST, HIGH-EFFICIENCY SOLAR-CELL BASED ON DYE-SENSITIZED COLLOIDAL TIO2 FILMS
A LOW-COST, HIGH-EFFICIENCY SOLAR-CELL BASED ON DYE-SENSITIZED COLLOIDAL TIO2 FILMS
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DOI：
10.1038/353737a0
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发表时间：
1991-10-24
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
GRATZEL, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
OREGAN, B;GRATZEL, M
目前，大规模使用光伏发电设备是非常昂贵的：利用现有的商业设备发电的成本大约是传统方法的十倍。在这里，我们描述了一种光伏电池，通过低成本的工艺，由低到中等纯度的材料制成，具有商业上现实的能量转换效率。该装置是基于一层10 μ m厚的光学透明的二氧化钛颗粒薄膜，其大小为几纳米，表面涂有一层单层电荷转移染料，以使薄膜感光，以便于光收集。由于半导体薄膜的高表面积和染料的理想光谱特性，该装置获得了高比例的入射太阳能通量（46%），并显示出将入射光子转换为电流的特别高的效率（超过80%）。在模拟太阳光照下，光电总能量转换率为7.1-7.9%，在漫射日光下为12%。大电流密度（大于12毫安厘米-2）和卓越的稳定性（维持至少500万次周转而不分解），以及低成本，使实际应用成为可能。
THE large-scale use of photovoltaic devices for electricity generation is prohibitively expensive at present: generation from existing commercial devices costs about ten times more than conventional methods 1. Here we describe a photovoltaic cell, created from low-to medium-purity materials through low-cost processes, which exhibits a commercially realistic energy-conversion efficiency. The device is based on a 10-mu-m-thick, optically transparent film of titanium dioxide particles a few nanometres in size, coated with a monolayer of a charge-transfer dye to sensitize the film for light harvesting. Because of the high surface area of the semiconductor film and the ideal spectral characteristics of the dye, the device harvests a high proportion of the incident solar energy flux (46%) and shows exceptionally high efficiencies for the conversion of incident photons to electrical current (more than 80%). The overall light-to-electric energy conversion yield is 7.1-7.9% in simulated solar light and 12% in diffuse daylight. The large current densities (greater than 12 mA cm-2) and exceptional stability (sustaining at least five million turnovers without decomposition), as well as the low cost, make practical applications feasible.