RESPIRATORY EFFECTS AND AMNESIA AFTER PREMEDICATION WITH MORPHINE OR LORAZEPAM
RESPIRATORY EFFECTS AND AMNESIA AFTER PREMEDICATION WITH MORPHINE OR LORAZEPAM
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吗啡或劳拉西泮预治疗后的呼吸系统影响和健忘症
DOI：
10.1093/bja/49.4.351
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发表时间：
1977
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
C. Hanning
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Cormack;J. S. Mllledge;C. Hanning
摘要劳拉西泮，一种新的苯二氮卓类药物，比较吗啡的术前用药。10例患者接受吗啡10 mg/70 kg i.m.。10例接受劳拉西泮4 mg/70 kg肌肉注射使用Read的再呼吸方法，根据二氧化碳响应线的斜率（S）和截距（B）的变化评估呼吸效应。吗啡使S降低47%（P S增加27%（P B。在两个志愿者劳拉西泮进行了评估，通过再呼吸和稳态的方法，劳拉西泮后，S是较小的稳态比再呼吸技术。劳拉西泮的研究结果与睡眠对二氧化碳敏感性的已知影响一致。所有接受劳拉西泮治疗的患者均出现持续4-8 h的遗忘，因此在此期间的疼痛和恶心均未被回忆起，但接受吗啡治疗的患者均未出现遗忘。我们的结论是，劳拉西泮值得进一步研究，特别是在镇静没有呼吸抑制是必要的，如在产科，并在不舒服的程序需要遗忘。
SUMMARY Lorazepam, a new benzodiazepine, was compared with morphine for premedication. Ten patients received morphine 10 mg/70 kg i.m. and 10 received lorazepam 4 mg/70 kg i.m. Respiratory effects were assessed from the change in slope ( S ) and intercept ( B ) of the carbon dioxide response line, using a development of Read's rebreathing method. Morphine depressed S by 47% ( P S increased by 27% ( P B significantly. In two volunteers lorazepam was assessed by both the rebreathing and the steady-state methods; after lorazepam S was smaller by the steady-state than by the rebreathing technique. The findings for lorazepam are consistent with the known effects of sleep on carbon dioxide sensitivity. Amnesia lasting 4–8 h occurred in all patients who received lorazepam so that pain and nausea during this period were not recalled, but no patient who received morphine experienced amnesia. We conclude that lorazepam merits further study, particularly where sedation without respiratory depression is needed, as in obstetrics, and where amnesia for uncomfortable procedures is required.