Biological significance of soluble IL-2 receptor.
Biological significance of soluble IL-2 receptor.
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可溶性IL-2受体的生物学意义。
DOI：
10.1155/s0962935193000018
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发表时间：
1993
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Modica, M A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Caruso, C;Candore, G;Cigna, D;Colucci, A T;Modica, M A
许多生长因子和分化抗原的受体已被发现由细胞分泌或释放。随着单个核细胞(MNC)的激活和白介素2受体(IL-2R)的表达，IL-2Rα链(sIL-2R)的可溶性形式被释放。已有研究表明，sIL-2R存在于活化的单核细胞培养上清液和正常血清中，更多地存在于多种疾病患者的血清中，包括肿瘤、感染性和自身免疫性疾病，以及发生同种异体排斥反应的移植患者的血清。血液sIL-2R水平取决于产生细胞的数量和每个细胞的分子数量，因此sIL-2R血液值可以代表正常和肿瘤产生细胞的数量和功能状态的指标。因此，监测免疫系统，主要是T细胞和血液系统恶性肿瘤可能是检测sIL-2R的目标。由于许多条件可能会影响sIL-2R的生产，这些测量可能不会产生什么诊断用途。然而，由于血sIL-2R水平可能与疾病进展和/或治疗反应相关，因此它们的测量可能是疾病活动性和疾病程度的有用指标。IL-2R的可溶性形式在生物学上的确切作用仍然存在争议。然而，我们知道，sIL-2R水平的升高可能与一些免疫异常有关，并且sIL-2R能够结合IL-2。因此，可以想象，在这些情况下，激活的淋巴样细胞或肿瘤细胞体内释放的过量sIL-2R可能以某种方式调节IL-2依赖的过程。另一方面，也不能排除sIL-2R是一种没有生物学意义的副产物。最后，令人费解的是，在许多观察到血液sIL-2R值增加的情况下，单核细胞在体外产生sIL-2R的能力降低。根据显示sIL-2R产生与IL-2产生相关的数据，对这些看似相反的发现进行了讨论。
A NUMBER of receptors for growth factors and differentiation antigens have been found to be secreted or released by cells. Following mononuclear cell (MNC) activation and interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) expression, a soluble form of the Alpha;-chain of IL-2R (sIL-2R) is released. The sIL-2R has been shown to be present in the culture supernatants of activated MNCs as well as in normal sera and, in higher amounts, in sera from subjects affected by several diseases including neoplastic, infectious and autoimmune ones, and in sera from transplanted patients suffering allograft rejection. The blood sIL-2R levels depend on the number of producing cells and the number of molecules per cell, so that sIL-2R blood values may represent an index of the number and the functional state of producing cells, both normal and neoplastic. Thus, monitoring of the immune system, mostly T-cells and haematological malignancies might be targets for the measurement of sIL-2R. Since many conditions may influence sIL-2R production, little diagnostic use may result from these measurements. However, since blood sIL-2R levels may correlate with disease progression and/or response to therapy, their measurement may be a useful index of activity and extent of disease. The precise biological role of the soluble form of the IL-2R is still a matter of debate. However, we know that increased sIL-2R levels may be observed in association with several immunological abnormalities and that sIL-2R is able to bind IL-2. It is conceivable then that in these conditions the excess sIL-2R released in vivo by activated lymphoid cells or by neoplastic cells may somehow regulate IL-2-dependent processes. On the other hand, it cannot exclude that sIL-2R is a by-product without biological significance. Finally, it is puzzling that in many conditions in which an increase of blood sIL-2R values has been observed, MNCs display a decreased in vitro capacity to produce sIL-2R. These seemingly contrasting findings are discussed in the light of the data showing that sIL-2R production correlates with IL-2 production.