Resistance to fusarium head blight in winter wheat: Heritability and trait associations
Resistance to fusarium head blight in winter wheat: Heritability and trait associations
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DOI：
10.2135/cropsci2000.4041012x
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发表时间：
2000-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Ruckenbauer, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Buerstmayr, H;Steiner, B;Ruckenbauer, P
镰刀菌头枯病（FHB）或由镰刀菌链接引起的疮痂病：Fr. spp.是一种广泛传播的谷物疾病，导致显著的产量损失并用真菌毒素污染谷物产品。抗性的复杂遗传阻碍了育种抗性、农艺适应性品种的进展。为了简化赤霉病抗性育种，我们估计了两个冬小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）群体，确定与其他性状（开花日期，株高，芒）的赤霉病抗性的关联，并确定对赤霉病抗性的母体效应的水平。中度易感的奥地利品种Capo与两个抗性品系杂交，一个来自匈牙利（UNG-226），一个来自荷兰（SVP-72017）。应用分层设计开发重组F-4衍生系。在人工接种，2年期间的薄雾灌溉田间试验中，通过对疾病症状的视觉评估来测定丝枯病抗性。人工接种和喷雾灌溉导致FHB感染的重复性。赤霉病抗性的广义遗传力较高（H > 0.75），通过选择可以取得相当大的进展。加性遗传方差的大小大于加性×加性上位性方差。尽管赤霉病症状与株高呈显著负相关（r = -0.37），但成功地选择矮抗赤霉病基因型是可行的。只有在一个群体中，有芒后代表现出轻微降低FHB。只有一个杂交的交互效应是显著的。FHB抗性品种的发展应该是可能的流行条件下的表型选择，并应在很大程度上独立于株高，开花日期，awnedness，和杂交内的母本基因型。
Fusarium head blight (FHB) or scab caused by Fusarium Link: Fr. spp. is a widespread disease of cereals, causing significant yield losses and contaminating cereal products with mycotoxins. The complex inheritance of resistance has hampered progress in breeding resistant, agronomically adapted cultivars. To streamline breeding for FHB resistance, we estimated genetic and environmental variance components and broad-sense heritability in two winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) populations, determined the association of FHB resistance with other traits (flowering date, plant height, and awnedness), and determined the level of maternal effects on FHB resistance. The moderately susceptible Austrian cultivar Capo was crossed with two resistant lines, one from Hungary (UNG-226) and one from the Netherlands (SVP-72017). A hierarchical design was applied to develop recombinant F-4-derived lines. Head blight resistance was measured by visual assessment of disease symptoms in artificially inoculated, mist-irrigated field experiments during 2 yr. Artificial inoculation and mist irrigation led to reproducible FHB infections. High broad-sense heritabilities (H > 0.75) were measured for FHB resistance, allowing for considerable progress by selection. The magnitude of additive genetic variance was greater than additive X additive epistatic variance. Despite a significant negative correlation between visual FHB symptoms and plant height (r = -0.37), the successful selection of short and FHB resistant genotypes should be feasible. In only one population, awned progeny showed slightly reduced FHB. Reciprocal effects were significant in one cross only. The development of FHB resistant cultivars should be possible by phenotypic selection under epidemic conditions, and should be largely independent of plant height, flowering date, awnedness, and genotype of the maternal parent within a cross.