A COMPUTATIONAL MODEL OF SEMANTIC MEMORY IMPAIRMENT - MODALITY SPECIFICITY AND EMERGENT CATEGORY SPECIFICITY
A COMPUTATIONAL MODEL OF SEMANTIC MEMORY IMPAIRMENT - MODALITY SPECIFICITY AND EMERGENT CATEGORY SPECIFICITY
复制标题
DOI：
10.1037/0096-3445.120.4.339
复制
发表时间：
1991-12-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
MCCLELLAND, JL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
FARAH, MJ;MCCLELLAND, JL
它证明了特定模态的语义记忆系统如何解释脑损伤后特定类别的损伤。在实验1中，视觉和功能知识在生物和非生物的表征中发挥不同作用的假设得到了测试和证实。描述了语义记忆的并行分布式处理模型，其中知识按模态细分为视觉和功能组件。在实验2中，模型受到损害，并且证实视觉语义的损害主要损害生物的知识，而功能语义的损害主要损害非生物的知识。在实验 3 中，证明该模型自然地解释了对于特定模态架构而言存在问题的发现，即生物功能知识的检索受损。最后，在实验 4 中，展示了该模型如何解释最近观察到的仅在口头探究知识时对生物知识受损的情况。
It is demonstrated how a modality-specific semantic memory system can account for category-specific impairments after brain damage. In Experiment 1, the hypothesis that visual and functional knowledge play different roles in the representation of living things and nonliving things is tested and confirmed. A parallel distributed processing model of semantic memory in which knowledge is subdivided by modality into visual and functional components is described. In Experiment 2, the model is lesioned, and it is confirmed that damage to visual semantics primarily impairs knowledge of living things, and damage to functional semantics primarily impairs knowledge of nonliving things. In Experiment 3, it is demonstrated that the model accounts naturally for a finding that had appeared problematic for a modality-specific architecture, namely, impaired retrieval of functional knowledge about living things. Finally, in Experiment 4, it is shown how the model can account for a recent observation of impaired knowledge of living things only when knowledge is probed verbally.