Mitochondrial DNA analysis of ancient Peruvian highlanders.
Mitochondrial DNA analysis of ancient Peruvian highlanders.
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DOI：
10.1002/ajpa.20408
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发表时间：
2006-09
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
K. Shinoda;Noboru Adachi;Sonia E. Guillén;I. Shimada
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Shinoda;Noboru Adachi;Sonia E. Guillén;I. Shimada
Hiram Bingham在著名的印加皇家庄园和马丘比丘仪式遗址附近的Paucarcancha， Patallacta和Huata的农村社区挖掘了57个人的古代DNA，并通过聚合酶链反应对其进行了分析，并将结果与来自安第斯中部不同地区的古代和现代DNA进行了比较，以验证他们假设的土著高地起源。对该组35个个体的线粒体DNA （mtDNA）控制区和编码区进行了测序，并确定了每个个体的单倍群。这些样本单倍群的频率数据显示，与秘鲁和玻利维亚高地的现代盖丘亚人和艾马拉人的频率明显接近，与我们之前定义的秘鲁北海岸的前西班牙人个体形成对比。我们的研究表明，在取样的前西班牙晚期个体和现代安第斯高地人之间有很强的遗传亲和力。先前对马丘比丘骨骼标本的分析表明，那里的居民是一个混合群体，他们来自不同的沿海和高地地区，是印加国家出于不同的目的而迁移的。总体而言，我们的研究表明，来自Paucarcancha和Patallacta的样本个体是土著高地人，他们为附近的马丘比丘提供了支持作用。
Ancient DNA recovered from 57 individuals excavated by Hiram Bingham at the rural communities of Paucarcancha, Patallacta, and Huata near the famed Inca royal estate and ritual site of Machu Picchu was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction, and the results were compared with ancient and modern DNA from various Central Andean areas to test their hypothesized indigenous highland origins. The control and coding regions of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of 35 individuals in this group were sequenced, and the haplogroups of each individual were determined. The frequency data for the haplogroups of these samples show clear proximity to those of modern Quechua and Aymara populations in the Peruvian and Bolivian highlands, and contrast with those of pre-Hispanic individuals of the north coast of Peru that we defined previously. Our study suggests a strong genetic affinity between sampled late pre-Hispanic individuals and modern Andean highlanders. A previous analysis of the Machu Picchu osteological collection suggests that the residents there were a mixed group of natives from various coastal and highland regions relocated by the Inca state for varied purposes. Overall, our study indicates that the sampled individuals from Paucarcancha and Patallacta were indigenous highlanders who provided supportive roles for nearby Machu Picchu.