Ontogeny of trace eyeblink conditioning to shock-shock pairings in the rat pup.
Ontogeny of trace eyeblink conditioning to shock-shock pairings in the rat pup.
复制标题
幼鼠中微量眨眼条件反射对电击-电击配对的个体发育。
DOI：
10.1037/a0031298
复制
发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Wang,Desheng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schreurs,BernardG;Burhans,LaurenB;Smith-Bell,CarrieA;Mrowka,SylwiaW;Wang,Desheng
大鼠从小就对电击有反应，但对音调条件刺激（条件刺激; CS）与电击非条件刺激（US）配对的眨眼条件反射直到出生后第20天（P20）才出现。更广泛的姿势反应，如条件性冻结，可以发生在P16。使用相同的眶周休克的CS和US在US-US调节范式以前被证明是有效的成年动物，我们发现，休克休克配对与200毫秒的跟踪间隔导致眨眼条件比以前认为的年轻动物。一些大鼠幼鼠早在P12就表现出条件性眨眼反应，到P18，所有动物的条件性反应都得到了充分发展。未配对的对照组受试者证实，配对受试者的反应是相关的。虽然许多刺激可以作为一个CS在成年人中，使用US-US配对的优势是，第一个US的反应，确保年轻的大鼠幼崽能够检测到的刺激，这可能是不正确的听觉或视觉刺激时，早期使用的altricial动物的发展。US-US配对范式可用于在其他感觉系统成熟之前研究学习和记忆的个体发育和神经基质，并在早期发育障碍的动物模型中评估学习和记忆。
Rats are responsive to shock from an early age, but eyeblink conditioning to a tone-conditioned stimulus (conditional stimulus; CS) paired with a shock-unconditioned stimulus (US) does not emerge until postnatal Day 20 (P20). More generalized postural responses such as conditioned freezing can occur at P16. Using the same periorbital shock as both the CS and US in a US–US conditioning paradigm previously shown to be effective in adult animals, we found that shock–shock pairings with a 200-ms trace interval resulted in eyeblink conditioning in younger animals than previously thought. Some rat pups showed conditioned eyeblink responses as early as P12, and by P18, conditioned responses were fully developed in all animals. Unpaired control subjects confirmed that responding in paired subjects was associative. Although many stimuli can act as a CS in adults, the advantage of using US–US pairings is that responses to the first US ensure young rat pups are capable of detecting the stimulus—something that may not be true when auditory or visual stimuli are used early in the development of altricial animals. The US–US pairing paradigm could be used to study the ontogeny and neural substrates of learning and memory before other sensory systems mature, and evaluate learning and memory in animal models of early developmental disorders.