Declining mental health among disadvantaged Americans
Declining mental health among disadvantaged Americans
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1722023115
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发表时间：
2018-07-10
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Weinstein, Maxine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Goldman, Noreen;Glei, Dana A.;Weinstein, Maxine
尽管关于美国阿片类药物流行对近期死亡率的影响几乎没有争议，但对于这一趋势是否反映了美国成年人日益增长的绝望情绪，人们的共识较少。由于缺乏既定的绝望量表或定义，以及自20世纪90年代以来缺乏研究心理健康，特别是幸福感的变化，这个问题变得更加复杂。我们使用美国中年（MIDUS）研究的两个横截面波提供证据，以评估心理困扰和幸福感指标的变化。这些措施捕捉消极情绪，如悲伤，绝望和绝望，以及积极情绪，如幸福，成就感和生活满意度。大多数措施显示，在整个年龄段的低相对社会经济地位的人越来越多的痛苦和减少幸福，相反，高相对位置的人几乎没有下降或略有改善。
Although there is little dispute about the impact of the US opioid epidemic on recent mortality, there is less consensus about whether trends reflect increasing despair among American adults. The issue is complicated by the absence of established scales or definitions of despair as well as a paucity of studies examining changes in psychological health, especially well-being, since the 1990s. We contribute evidence using two cross-sectional waves of the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study to assess changes in measures of psychological distress and well-being. These measures capture negative emotions such as sadness, hopelessness, and worthlessness, and positive emotions such as happiness, fulfillment, and life satisfaction. Most of the measures reveal increasing distress and decreasing well-being across the age span for those of low relative socioeconomic position, in contrast to little decline or modest improvement for persons of high relative position.