Dynamics of immune cell recruitment during West Nile encephalitis and identification of a new CD19+B220-BST-2+ leukocyte population
Dynamics of immune cell recruitment during West Nile encephalitis and identification of a new CD19+B220-BST-2+ leukocyte population
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DOI：
10.4049/jimmunol.180.10.6760
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发表时间：
2008-05-15
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Couderc, Therese
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brehin, Anne-Claire;Mouries, Juliette;Couderc, Therese
西尼罗病毒（West Nile virus，WNV）是一种新发现的嗜神经黄病毒。我们在免疫活性小鼠模型中研究了西尼罗河病毒脑炎期间外周组织和中枢神经系统中免疫细胞募集的动态。在外周，免疫细胞扩增可以成功地限制病毒血症和淋巴组织感染。然而，外周中的病毒清除太晚而不能防止病毒侵入CNS。在CNS中，先天免疫细胞，包括小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞、NK细胞和浆细胞样树突细胞，随着病毒侵入脑而大大扩增，而B和T细胞在病毒侵入后被募集，并且不能控制病毒的传播。因此，西尼罗河病毒脑炎的发病与中枢神经系统病毒感染和先天免疫细胞的大量局部增加有关。有趣的是，我们发现了一种新的免疫细胞类型：CD 19（+）B220（-）BST-2（+），我们将其命名为G8-IC。这些细胞在外周感染期间出现并进入CNS。G8-IC表达高水平的MHC II类，对病毒抗原进行染色，并定位于淋巴结的副皮质区，这强烈表明它们是之前未识别的APC，出现在对病毒感染的反应中。
West Nile virus (WNV) is an emerging neurotropic flavivirus. We investigated the dynamics of immune cell recruitment in peripheral tissues and in the CNS during WNV encephalitis in an immunocompetent mouse model. In the periphery, immune cell expansion can successfully limit viremia and lymphoid tissue infection. However, viral clearance in the periphery is too late to prevent viral invasion of the CNS. In the CNS, innate immune cells, including microglia/macrophages, NK cells, and plasmacytoid dendritic cells, greatly expand as the virus invades the brain, whereas B and T cells are recruited after viral invasion, and fail to control the spread of the virus. Thus, the onset of WNV encephalitis was correlated both with CNS viral infection and with a large local increase of innate immune cells. Interestingly, we identify a new immune cell type: CD19(+)B220(-) BST-2(+), which we name G8-ICs. These cells appear during peripheral infection and enter the CNS. G8-ICs express high levels of MHC class II, stain for viral Ag, and are localized in the paracortical zone of lymph nodes, strongly suggesting they are previously unidentified APCs that appear in response to viral infection.