Enzymatic and morphological events in mammalian fertilization
Enzymatic and morphological events in mammalian fertilization
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哺乳动物受精中的酶促和形态事件
DOI：
10.1002/mrd.1120010110
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发表时间：
1978
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Stambaugh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Stambaugh
顶体酶的生理作用和伴随哺乳动物受精的形态变化是不可分割的事件，对这些事件的观察应该以合理的逻辑方式关联起来。我们目前对这些事件的概念在某些领域不足以满足这一基本标准，因此有必要回顾我们对这些事件的了解状况，并确定我们的知识不完整或记录不充分的领域。许多物种的配子的详细形态学以及附睾和射精的哺乳动物精子的相关知识已得到充分记录，正是在配子的详细形态学基础知识的基础上，我们对受精机制的理解得以发展[Saache和Almquist，1964；贝德福德，1964 年、1967 年、1968 年；尼坎德和贝恩，1962 年、1966 年；福西特，1958；福塞特和伊藤，1965； Kojima，19661。然而，那些在到达输卵管并与卵子发生物理接触时形态和生化状态尚未改变的雄配子并不是能够受精的精子。 Austin [1951]和Chang [1951]首先在兔子身上独立地认识到雌性生殖道中雄性配子发生变化的这种要求，这种现象被称为获能。从那时起，有报道称精子膜的变化、顶体酶抑制剂的去除、新陈代谢的改变以及运动性的变化都与获能过程有关。很明显，获能是一个复杂的过程，涉及至少三个甚至更多的变化。
The physiological role of acrosomal enzymes and the morphological changes which accompany mammalian fertilization are inseparable events, and observations of these events should correlate in a reasonably logical manner. Our present concepts of these events are inadequate in some areas to meet this basic criterion, and it is appropriate to review the state of our knowledge of these events, as well as to identify those areas where our knowledge is incomplete or inadequately documented. lation, as well as those of epididymal and ejaculated mammalian spermatozoa have been well documented for many species, and it is this fundamental knowledge of the detailed morphology of the gametes upon which our understanding of the mechanisms of fertilization has evolved [Saache and Almquist, 1964; Bedford, 1964, 1967, 1968; Nicander and Bane, 1962, 1966; Fawcett, 1958; Fawcett and Ito, 1965; Kojima, 19661. However, those male gametes whose morphology and biochemical state have not been altered by the time they have reached the oviduct and made physical contact with the ovum are not the spermatozoa that are capable of fertilization. This requirement for a change in the male gamete in the female reproductive tract was first recognized independently by Austin [1951] and Chang [1951] in the rabbit, and this phenomenon was termed capacitation. Since that time reports implicating changes in the membranes of the spermatozoon, removal of inhibitors from acrosomal enzymes, and alterations in metabolism, as well as changes in motility, have been implicated in the process of capacitation. It has become obvious that capacitation is a multifarious process involving at least three and probably more changes.