Presenilin-1 and presenilin-2 exhibit distinct yet overlapping γ-secretase activities
Presenilin-1 and presenilin-2 exhibit distinct yet overlapping γ-secretase activities
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DOI:
10.1074/jbc.m300974200
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发表时间:
2003-06-20
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Li, YM
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lai, MT;Chen, E;Li, YM
Presenilin- 1 ( PS1) and presenilin 2 ( PS2) are proposed to be transmembrane aspartyl proteases that cleave amyloid precursor protein and Notch. PS1- and PS2- mediated activities were individually characterized using blastocyst-derived ( BD) cells and membranes from PS1(+/-) - PS2(-/-) and PS1(-/-) PS2(+/+) mice, respectively. The relative amounts of PS1 and PS2 in the various BD cells were determined from the intensities of the anti- PS1 and anti-PS2 immunoblot signals by comparison with standard curves using radiolabeled PS1 and PS2 standards produced by in vitro transcription and translation. Cellular membranes from wild type, PS1(+/-) - PS2(-/-), and PS1(-/-)PS2(+/+) but not PS1(-/-) PS2(-/-) BD cells generated the Abeta40 and Abeta42 products from the C100FLAG substrate. PS1-associated gamma- secretase displays considerably higher specific activity than PS2- associated gamma- secretase. Moreover, the PS1(+/-) - PS2(-/-) BD cells and corresponding membranes exhibited much higher gamma- secretase activity as compared with other BD cells and membranes. The PS1- mediated gamma-secretase activity correlated better with the amount of PS1 that is modifiable by a photoactivated active site-directed gamma-secretase inhibitor rather than total PS1; hence, only a small portion (< 14%) of the PS1 in wild- type membranes appears to be engaged in an active γ-secretase complex. This finding suggests that PS1 may serve other biological functions in addition to that associated with its γ-secretase activity. Furthermore, the PS1 γ-secretase complex and the PS2 γ-secretase complex activities can be discriminated on the basis of their susceptibility to inhibition by a potent γ-secretase inhibitor. The distinct yet overlapping enzymatic properties of the PS1 γ-secretase complex and the PS2 γ-secretase complex imply that these two putative aspartyl class proteases may contribute to different biological processes.