Role of the NSs Protein in the Zoonotic Capacity of Orthobunyaviruses
Role of the NSs Protein in the Zoonotic Capacity of Orthobunyaviruses
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1863-2378.2008.01166.x
复制
发表时间：
2009-08-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Elliott, R. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hart, T. J.;Kohl, A.;Elliott, R. M.
布尼亚病毒科包含350多个已命名的分离株，分为5属：正布尼亚病毒、汉坦病毒、奈罗病毒、白蛉病毒和舌状病毒。正布尼亚病毒属包含约170个分离株，主要由蚊子传播，并导致人类出现一系列疾病综合征，包括自限性发热性疾病、脑炎和出血热。病毒有一个三部分的负义RNA基因组。对四个血清群（Bunyamwera、California、C组和Simbu）的病毒分析表明，最小的(S) RNA片段编码核衣壳蛋白(N)和一种称为NSs的非结构蛋白。布尼亚姆韦拉病毒（Bunyamwera virus， BUNV）的NSs蛋白在哺乳动物细胞中具有阻断宿主细胞蛋白合成的作用，但在感染BUNV的蚊子细胞（白纹伊蚊C6/36细胞）中未观察到蛋白的阻断。受感染的哺乳动物细胞中的蛋白质关闭是通过RNA聚合酶ii介导的转录的全局抑制来实现的，并使病毒能够克服宿主的先天免疫反应。由于先天防御机制构成了不同宿主病毒感染的重要屏障，因此NSs似乎在决定正兔病毒的人畜共患能力方面发挥了关键作用。
P>The family Bunyaviridae contains over 350 named isolates, classified into five genera: Orthobunyavirus, Hantavirus, Nairovirus, Phlebovirus and Tospovirus. The Orthobunyavirus genus contains some 170 isolates that are mainly transmitted by mosquitoes and are responsible for a range of disease syndromes in humans including self-limiting febrile illness, encephalitis and haemorrhagic fever. The viruses have a tripartite, negative-sense RNA genome. Analyses of viruses in four serogroups (Bunyamwera, California, Group C and Simbu) showed that the smallest (S) RNA segment encodes the nucleocapsid protein (N) and a non-structural protein called (NSs). The NSs protein of Bunyamwera virus (BUNV) has been shown to play a role in shut-off of host cell protein synthesis in mammalian cells, but no protein shut-off is observed in BUNV-infected mosquito cells (Aedes albopictus C6/36 cells). Protein shut-off in infected mammalian cells is achieved by global inhibition of RNA polymerase II-mediated transcription and enables the virus to overcome the host innate immune response. As innate defence mechanisms constitute a significant barrier to virus infection of different hosts, NSs would appear to play a key role in determining the zoonotic capacity of orthobunyaviruses.