A three year follow-up of attachment and indiscriminate friendliness in children adopted from Romanian orphanages
A three year follow-up of attachment and indiscriminate friendliness in children adopted from Romanian orphanages
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-8624.1998.tb06162.x
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发表时间：
1998-08-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Chisholm, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chisholm, K
依恋和不分青红皂白的友好行为进行了评估，在儿童谁花了至少8个月在罗马尼亚孤儿院（RO）和两个比较组的儿童：一个罗马尼亚出生的，nonadopted，从来没有制度化的比较组（CB）和早期通过的比较组通过从罗马尼亚4个月之前（EA）。依恋评估使用2个措施：一个附件安全问卷的基础上，家长的报告，和分离团聚程序，使用学前依恋评估编码。不分青红皂白的友好行为进行了检查，使用父母的回答5个问题，他们的孩子的行为与新的成年人。虽然RO儿童没有得分不同CB或EA儿童的附件安全措施的基础上，家长的报告，他们没有显示出显着更多的不安全的依恋模式比其他2组的儿童。此外，RO儿童表现出显着更不分青红皂白的友好行为比CB和EA儿童，谁没有区别的不分青红皂白的友好。RO儿童的不安全的依恋模式与他们的机构环境的任何方面，但与特定的儿童和家庭特征。具体而言，不安全的RO儿童有更多的行为问题，得分较低的斯坦福-比奈智力量表，并有父母谁报告显着更多的养育压力比RO儿童归类为安全。
Attachment and indiscriminately friendly behavior were assessed in children who had spent at least 8 months in a Romanian orphanage (RO) and two comparison groups of children: a Canadian-born, nonadopted, never institutionalized comparison group (CB) and an early adopted comparison group adopted from Romania before the age of 4 months (EA). Attachment was assessed using 2 measures: an attachment security questionnaire based on parent report, and a Separation Reunion procedure that was coded using the preschool Assessment of Attachment. Indiscriminately friendly behavior was examined using parents' responses to 5 questions about their children's behavior with new adults. Although RO children did not score differently from either CB or EA children on the attachment security measure based on parent report, they did display significantly more insecure attachment patterns than did children in the other 2 groups. In addition, RO children displayed significantly more indiscriminately friendly behavior than both CB and EA children, who did not differ in terms of indiscriminate friendliness. RO children's insecure attachment patterns were not associated with any aspect of their institutional environment, but were related to particular child and family characteristics. Specifically, insecure RO children had more behavior problems, scored lower on the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale, and had parents who reported significantly more parenting stress than RO children classified as secure.