Relationship between Distance from Major Roads and Adolescent Health in Japan
Relationship between Distance from Major Roads and Adolescent Health in Japan
复制标题
日本距主要道路的距离与青少年健康的关系
作者：
Y. Miyake;A. Yura;M. Iki
评估了距离主要道路的距离与初中生过敏障碍和一般症状的患病率之间的关系，分离了居住和学校距离与道路的距离的影响。研究对象为5652名年龄在12岁到15岁之间的学生。这项研究使用了国际儿童哮喘和过敏研究中的诊断标准。问卷还询问了头痛、胃痛、疲倦和咳嗽的症状，以及从住所到主要道路的最短距离。从学校到最近的主要道路的距离是在地图上测量的。对性别、年级、年长兄弟姐妹的数量、家庭中吸烟和母亲过敏史进行了调整。住所和主要道路之间的距离越短，头痛、胃痛、疲倦和咳嗽的患病率就越高。朝向主要道路的居住地与过敏性鼻结膜炎的患病率之间存在轻微的正相关。居住在主干道100米以内的居民与喘息和特应性皮炎的患病率呈正相关。学校距离主要道路的距离与变态反应性障碍或一般症状之间没有明显的关系。研究结果表明，居住在主干道附近，而不是学校附近，可能与日本青少年中过敏性疾病、头痛、胃痛和疲劳的患病率增加有关。需要更精确和详细的暴露和健康结果测量的进一步调查，以证实交通相关因素与过敏性疾病和一般症状之间的关系。
A relationship between distance from major roads and the prevalence of allergic disorders and general symptoms among junior high school students was assessed, separating the effects of distance of residence and school from the roads. Study subjects were 5,652 students aged 12 to 15 years. This study used diagnostic criteria from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood. The questionnaire also asked about symptoms of headache, stomachache, tiredness, and cough and the shortest distance from residence to major roads. Distance from school to the nearest major road was measured on a map. Adjustment was made for gender, grade, the number of older siblings, smoking in the household, and maternal history of allergy. A shorter distance between residence and major roads was associated with an increased prevalence of headache, stomachache, tiredness, and cough. There was a marginally significant positive association between residence facing major roads and the prevalence of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. Residence within 100 m of major roads showed a tendency for a positive relationship with the prevalence of wheeze and atopic dermatitis. There was no apparent relationship between distance of school from major roads and allergic disorders or the general symptoms. The findings suggest that proximity of residence, not school, to major roads may be associated with an increased prevalence of allergic disorders, headache, stomachache, and tiredness among Japanese adolescents. Further investigations with more precise and detailed exposure and health outcome measurements are needed to corroborate the relationship between traffic related factors and allergic disorders and general symptoms.