Cancer stem cells and colorectal cancer: an overview.
Cancer stem cells and colorectal cancer: an overview.
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DOI：
10.2174/156802611796117694
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发表时间：
2011-06
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
P. Dhawan;R. Ahmad;A. Srivastava;A. Singh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Dhawan;R. Ahmad;A. Srivastava;A. Singh
正常组织的稳态涉及正常细胞损失和更新之间的仔细平衡。干细胞和祖细胞通过其严格调节的自我更新能力来帮助维持这种精确和精细的平衡。在这方面，胃肠道上皮是独特的，细胞增殖，分化和凋亡发生在一个有序的方式沿着隐窝绒毛轴。结肠隐窝主要是一个增殖区室，是单克隆的，由干细胞维持。能够在给定组织内产生所有分化细胞的组织干细胞的概念已经导致了组织和肿瘤（包括结肠直肠癌（CRC））中的细胞层级的概念。因此，对于组织修复或肿瘤再生来说，只有少数细胞可能是必要的和足够的。然而，这样的命题也提出了关于精确的方法和标记来识别这样的群体，并定义的间接证据和早期突变干细胞群体的起源和建立的地方的问题。因此，我们必须了解什么是癌症干细胞（CSC）以及它们以组织特异性方式与癌症的潜在关联。在这篇综述中，我们总结了目前的知识干细胞组织和CSC内的结肠上皮和讨论的潜在作用CSC的发展和/或进展的CRC和治疗干预的目标。
Normal tissue homeostasis involves a careful balance between the normal cell loss and renewal. Stem and progenitor cells help maintain this precise and fine balance through their ability of self-renewal in a tightly regulated manner. In this regard, the gastrointestinal epithelium is unique in that cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis occur in an orderly fashion along the crypt-villus axis. The colonic crypt is primarily a proliferative compartment, is monoclonal and is maintained by stem cells. The concept of tissue stem cells capable of giving rise to all differentiated cells within a given tissue has led to the concept of a cellular hierarchy in tissues and in tumors including colorectal cancer (CRC). Thus, only a few cells may be necessary and sufficient for tissue repair or tumor regeneration. However, such a proposition also raises questions regarding the precise methods and markers to identify such population and to define the circumstantial evidences and place for the origin and establishment of the early mutant stem-cell population. Thus, it is imperative that we understand what cancer stem cells (CSC) are and their potential association with cancer in a tissue specific manner. In this review, we have summarized the current knowledge of stem cell organization and CSC within the colonic epithelium and discussed the potential role of CSC in the development and/or progression of CRC and as targets for therapeutic interventions.