Defect Formation beyond Kibble-Zurek Mechanism and Holography
Defect Formation beyond Kibble-Zurek Mechanism and Holography
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevx.5.021015
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发表时间：
2015-05-14
影响因子：
12.5
通讯作者：
Liu, Hong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chesler, Paul M.;Garcia-Garcia, Antonio M.;Liu, Hong
我们研究了从无序相到有序相的连续过渡后的动态平稳淬火。基于标度思想，线性响应，和不稳定模式的频谱，我们开发了一个理论框架，适用于任何二阶相变，在破碎阶段的凝聚物的早期演化。我们的分析揭示了一个新的时期的非绝热演化后，系统通过相变，在参数化大量的粗化发生之前，一个定义明确的冷凝形式。我们的形式主义预测的缺陷形成率参数小于Kibble-Zurek预测，并产生一个标准的故障Kibble-Zurek缩放足够快的淬火。我们数值测试我们的形式在（2 + 1）维全息超流体的热淬火。这些发现，在广泛的领域，包括冷原子，凝聚态，统计力学和宇宙学的直接相关性，是一个重要的一步，更定量的了解动力学相变。
We study the dynamic after a smooth quench across a continuous transition from the disordered phase to the ordered phase. Based on scaling ideas, linear response, and the spectrum of unstable modes, we develop a theoretical framework, valid for any second-order phase transition, for the early-time evolution of the condensate in the broken phase. Our analysis unveils a novel period of nonadiabatic evolution after the system passes through the phase transition, where a parametrically large amount of coarsening occurs before a well-defined condensate forms. Our formalism predicts a rate of defect formation parametrically smaller than the Kibble-Zurek prediction and yields a criterion for the breakdown of Kibble-Zurek scaling for sufficiently fast quenches. We numerically test our formalism for a thermal quench in a (2 + 1)dimensional holographic superfluid. These findings, of direct relevance in a broad range of fields including cold atom, condensed matter, statistical mechanics, and cosmology, are an important step toward a more quantitative understanding of dynamical phase transitions.