Leaf cutter ants: a possible missing source of biogenic halocarbons
Leaf cutter ants: a possible missing source of biogenic halocarbons
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切叶蚁：可能缺失的生物卤代碳来源
DOI：
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Shallcross
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. I. Mead;M. Khan;G. Nickless;B. Greally;D. Tainton;T. Pitman;D. Shallcross
环境背景。随着对《蒙特利尔议定书》的响应，许多臭氧消耗气体的人为排放量大幅减少，近年来，具有生物来源的气体变得相对更为重要。全球生物源卤化碳的预算是不平衡的，已知的汇大于源，这表明需要额外的自然源来平衡预算。在本研究中，已经进行了调查，以确定切叶蚁作为一个缺失的生物源的卤代烃的来源，这将减少全球预算的差异的卤代烃的重要性。抽象。切叶蚁群被证明是一个潜在的重要的新的生物源卤代烃的来源。由这些蚂蚁物种培养的真菌可能会排放大量的CH 3Br、CH 3 I、CH 3Cl、CH 2Cl 2和CHCl 3，从而对它们各自的全球大气预算做出贡献。研究表明，在测试的蚁群中，CH 3Br、CH 3 I、CH 3Cl、CH 2Cl 2和CHCl 3的混合比显著高于背景水平，平均为1.5-5.0倍。在蚁群发展的三个阶段（新的、中等活跃的和高度活跃的）进行了取样，发现这些卤化碳的水平在蚁群生命周期的活跃阶段升高。一个非常粗略的估计，全球蚁群可能排放的CH 3Br，CH 3 I，CH 3Cl，CH 2Cl 2和CHCl 3分别为0.50，0.02，0.80，0.15和0.22千兆克年-1。
Environmental context. With large reductions in anthropogenic emissions of many ozone-depleting gases in response to the Montreal Protocol, gases with biogenic sources have become relatively more important in recent years. The global budgets of the biogenic halocarbons are unbalanced with known sinks outweighing sources, suggesting that additional natural sources are required to balance the budgets. In the present study, an investigation has been carried out to determine the importance of leaf cutter ants as a missing source of the biogenic halocarbons, which will reduce the discrepancy of the global budget of the halocarbons. Abstract. Leaf cutter ant colonies are shown to be a potentially significant new source of biogenic halocarbons. Fungus cultivated by these ant species may emit CH3Br, CH3I, CH3Cl, CH2Cl2 and CHCl3 in significant quantities, contributing to their respective global atmospheric budgets. The study suggests that the mixing ratios of CH3Br, CH3I, CH3Cl, CH2Cl2 and CHCl3 in the ant colony under test were significantly higher than background levels, by on average a factor of 1.5–5.0. Sampling was carried out during three stages of ant colony development (new, moderately active and highly active) and it was found that levels of these halocarbons were elevated during the active phases of the ant colony life cycle. A very rough estimate of the possible emission of CH3Br, CH3I, CH3Cl, CH2Cl2 and CHCl3 from ant colonies globally are 0.50, 0.02, 0.80, 0.15 and 0.22 Gg year–1.