Aboriginal fires in monsoonal Australia from historical accounts
Aboriginal fires in monsoonal Australia from historical accounts
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1365-2699.2002.00677.x
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发表时间：
2002-03-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Preece, N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Preece, N
在世界热带稀树草原的火灾的传统管理是当代管理的至关重要的利益。本文回顾了19世纪澳大利亚北方北领地土著人用火的文献，并叙述了其他对整个北方稀树草原地区历史记录的研究。目的是提供一个全面的图片历史传统的消防practices.Location北方澳大利亚热带（季风）稀树草原region.Methods所有可用的期刊探险家在十九世纪的北领地进行了审查和analyzed.Results二十五探险家的期刊进行了鉴定和审查。其中15人提供了原住民使用火的信息。在日志中记录了206个观察结果。其中，100个是活跃的景观火灾，52个是烧毁的景观。其他意见被丢弃，因为它们无助于理解火的传统用途。结果是一般与其他研究在昆士兰州和西Australia.Main结论完成的历史记录表明，土著人在澳大利亚北领地的“顶端”开始燃烧早在旱季，在几个星期内的最后一场雨，并继续在整个旱季。只有当雨季的降雨阻止了进一步的燃烧时，燃烧才停止。几乎没有进行任何雨季焚烧。这幅图与以前对北领地的历史研究不一致，但与使用同等历史资料对整个北方澳大利亚稀树草原的研究一致。这些发现对于澳大利亚北方稀树草原的生态管理具有重要意义。最近对生物区系和景观的有害变化被归因于最近传统火灾制度的变化。建议恢复传统做法。
Aim Traditional management of fire in the world's savannas is of vital interest for contemporary management. This paper reviews the nineteenth century literature on Aboriginal application of fire in the Northern Territory of northern Australia, and relates the other studies of the historical record for the whole savanna region of northern Australia. The aim is to provide a comprehensive picture of historical traditional fire practices.Location Northern Australia tropical (monsoonal) savanna region.Methods All available journals of explorers in the nineteenth century in the Northern Territory were reviewed and analysed.Results Twenty-five explorers' journals were identified and reviewed. Fifteen yielded information on aboriginal use of fire. Two hundred and six observations were recorded in the journals. Of these, 100 were of active landscape fires and fifty-two were of burnt landscapes. Other observations were discarded as they did not contribute to the understanding of traditional use of fire. The results were generally consistent with other studies completed in Queensland and Western Australia.Main conclusions The historical record shows that Aboriginal people in the `Top End' of the Northern Territory of Australia commenced burning early in the dry season, within weeks of the last rains, and continued throughout the dry season. Burning stopped only when the wet season rains prevented further burning. Little if any wet season burning was carried out. This picture is at variance with a previous historical study for the Northern Territory, but consistent with that for the whole northern Australian savannas using equivalent historical sources. The findings are important for ecological management of the savannas of northern Australia. Recent deleterious changes to the biota and landscape have been attributed to recent changes from traditional fire regimes. A reinstatement of traditional practices is proposed.