Effect of inhomogeneous surface disorder on the superheating field of superconducting RF cavities

Effect of inhomogeneous surface disorder on the superheating field of superconducting RF cavities
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不均匀表面紊乱对超导射频腔过热场的影响

DOI:
10.1103/physrevresearch.1.012015
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
4.2
通讯作者:
Sauls, J. A.
Sauls, J. A.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ngampruetikorn, Vudtiwat;Sauls, J. A.

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铌超导射频腔体表面处理技术的最新进展,使腔体的表面电场系数和表面电场最大值都有了显著提高。这对确定负责这种性能增强的机制提出了理论挑战。我们报告的理论结果的不均匀的表面无序的过热场的表面磁场以上的迈斯纳状态是全球不稳定的影响。我们发现,不均匀的无序,如引入的注入到铌SRF腔的表面层的氮,可以增加超导体在干净的限制或均匀分布的无序的最大值以上的过热场。均匀无序增加了屏蔽电流的穿透,但也抑制了最大超电流。杂质扩散层形式的不均匀无序通过增加屏蔽电流到具有较大临界电流的较清洁区域的渗透来偏置这种权衡,从而将屏蔽电流的抑制限制在靠近表面的薄脏区域。我们的研究结果表明,杂质扩散层在提高氮处理的铌SRF腔的最大加速梯度的作用。
Recent advances in the surface treatments of niobium superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) cavities have led to substantially increasedfactors and a maximum surface field. This poses theoretical challenges to identify the mechanisms responsible for such performance enhancements. We report theoretical results for the effects of inhomogeneous surface disorder on the superheating field—the surface magnetic field above which the Meissner state is globally unstable. We find that inhomogeneous disorder, such as that introduced by the infusion of nitrogen into the surface layers of niobium SRF cavities, can increase the superheating field above the maximum for superconductors in the clean limit or with homogeneously distributed disorder. Homogeneous disorder increases the penetration of the screening current, but also suppresses the maximum supercurrent. Inhomogeneous disorder in the form of an impurity diffusion layer biases this trade-off by increasing the penetration of the screening currents into cleaner regions with larger critical currents, thus limiting the suppression of the screening current to a thin dirty region close to the surface. Our results suggest that the impurity diffusion layers play a role in enhancing the maximum accelerating gradient of nitrogen-treated niobium SRF cavities.
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