Body mass and cell size shape the tolerance of fishes to low oxygen in a temperature-dependent manner.
Body mass and cell size shape the tolerance of fishes to low oxygen in a temperature-dependent manner.
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DOI：
10.1111/gcb.16319
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发表时间：
2022-10
影响因子：
11.6
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
有氧代谢产生的能量（ATP）是无氧代谢的15-20倍，这对于维持动物的能量预算、促进新陈代谢、活动、生长和繁殖至关重要。对于变温水呼吸者，如鱼类，低溶解氧可能会限制氧的吸收，从而限制有氧代谢。在这里，我们评估，在系统发育的背景下，如何非生物和生物驱动程序解释在鱼类中观察到的耐缺氧的变化。要做到这一点，我们组装了一个数据库的缺氧耐受性，测定为临界氧张力（P临界）为195种鱼类。总体而言，我们发现缺氧耐受性具有明确的系统发育信号，并进一步受到温度，体重，细胞大小，盐度和代谢率的调节。海水鱼比淡水鱼更容易缺氧。这种模式与淡水生境中氧气和温度的波动较大是一致的。对氧气需求较高的鱼类（例如相对于体重的高代谢率）也更容易缺氧。我们还发现缺氧和变暖可以协同作用的证据，因为缺氧耐受性通常在温暖的沃茨较低。然而，我们发现温度与鱼的身体和细胞大小之间存在显着的相互作用。与细胞表面积体积比和粘度对包围鳃的边界层厚度的影响有关的摄氧量的限制可以解释这些热依赖性。较低的缺氧耐受性在温暖的沃茨是特别明显的鱼与较大的机构和较大的细胞大小。先前的研究发现，P临界值和体重之间的关系的方向和强度有很大的差异。通过包括与温度的相互作用，我们的研究可能有助于解决这些不同的发现，解释鱼类缺氧耐受性的大小依赖性。鱼类是否能够耐受低水平的溶解氧，这取决于鱼类（体重，基因组大小和代谢）和水（温度和盐度）的特性。这些影响并不是孤立的：在温暖的沃茨，基因组小的小鱼比基因组大的大鱼更耐受。我们还观察到淡水鱼的耐受性比海水鱼大。这些发现有助于（i）解决有关氧气限制的科学争论，（ii）预测气候变化对全球鱼类种群和渔业的影响。
Aerobic metabolism generates 15–20 times more energy (ATP) than anaerobic metabolism, which is crucial in maintaining energy budgets in animals, fueling metabolism, activity, growth and reproduction. For ectothermic water‐breathers such as fishes, low dissolved oxygen may limit oxygen uptake and hence aerobic metabolism. Here, we assess, within a phylogenetic context, how abiotic and biotic drivers explain the variation in hypoxia tolerance observed in fishes. To do so, we assembled a database of hypoxia tolerance, measured as critical oxygen tensions (P crit) for 195 fish species. Overall, we found that hypoxia tolerance has a clear phylogenetic signal and is further modulated by temperature, body mass, cell size, salinity and metabolic rate. Marine fishes were more susceptible to hypoxia than freshwater fishes. This pattern is consistent with greater fluctuations in oxygen and temperature in freshwater habitats. Fishes with higher oxygen requirements (e.g. a high metabolic rate relative to body mass) also were more susceptible to hypoxia. We also found evidence that hypoxia and warming can act synergistically, as hypoxia tolerance was generally lower in warmer waters. However, we found significant interactions between temperature and the body and cell size of a fish. Constraints in oxygen uptake related to cellular surface area to volume ratios and effects of viscosity on the thickness of the boundary layers enveloping the gills could explain these thermal dependencies. The lower hypoxia tolerance in warmer waters was particularly pronounced for fishes with larger bodies and larger cell sizes. Previous studies have found a wide diversity in the direction and strength of relationships between P crit and body mass. By including interactions with temperature, our study may help resolve these divergent findings, explaining the size dependency of hypoxia tolerance in fish. Whether fish can tolerate low levels of dissolved oxygen is shown here to depend on characteristics of both the fish (body mass, genome size and metabolism) and the water (temperature and salinity). These effects did not act in isolation: In warmer waters, small fishes with small genomes were more tolerant than large fishes with large genomes. We also observed a greater tolerance in freshwater fishes, compared to marine fishes. These findings can help to (i) resolve the scientific debate about oxygen limitation and (ii) predict the impacts of climate change on global fish populations and fisheries.
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影响因子：
13.6
作者：
Bigman JS;M'Gonigle LK;Wegner NC;Dulvy NK
通讯作者：
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