Impact of Fire on Nutrient Cycles in Mediterranean-Type Ecosystems with Reference to Chaparral
Impact of Fire on Nutrient Cycles in Mediterranean-Type Ecosystems with Reference to Chaparral
复制标题
火灾对地中海型生态系统养分循环的影响（以丛林为例）
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-642-68935-2_11
复制
发表时间：
1983
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
P. Rundel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Rundel
尽管有大量文献描述了火对养分生物地球化学循环的影响，但还没有研究量化火对整个演替周期中系统间氮或其他养分通量的影响(见对火-养分相互作用的评论，Viro 1974；Woodmansee和Wallach 1980；Rundel 1981,1982)。大部分生物量在地下或地上覆盖率较低的生态系统(草原、冻土带、沙漠)的氮平衡通常不会受到火灾的影响。许多森林生态系统中的低强度地面火灾同样不会对养分循环产生重大影响。然而，查帕拉尔和其他地中海类型的生态系统具有相对频繁的高强度火灾的特点。这些火灾烧毁了大部分地上生物量，对生态系统养分的输出通量产生了很大的直接影响，而通过演替循环对养分的输出和输入产生了较小的次要影响。在这样的火灾中，几乎没有关于生态系统营养物池的地点和动态的量化数据。
Although there is a large literature describing the effects of fire on biogeochemical cycles of nutrients, no studies have quantified the ecosystem effects of fire on intersystem fluxes of nitrogen or other nutrients through a full successional cycle (see reviews of fire-nutrient interactions in Viro 1974; Woodmansee and Wallach 1980; Rundel 1981, 1982). The nitrogen balance of ecosystems with major portions of biomass below ground or with low above-ground coverage (grasslands, tundra, deserts) is not generally effected by fire. Low-intensity ground fires in many forest ecosystems likewise do not have a major impact on nutrient cycles. Chaparral and other mediterranean-type ecosystems, however, have characteristic high-intensity fires at relatively frequent intervals. These fires burn off much of the above-ground biomass and have very large immediate effects on output fluxes of nutrients from the ecosystem and smaller secondary effects on both outputs and inputs of nutrients through successional cycles. There are virtually no quantitative data available for the site and dynamics of ecosystem pools of nutrients during such fires.