The effects of shelter quality and prior residence on marmorkrebs (marbled crayfish)
The effects of shelter quality and prior residence on marmorkrebs (marbled crayfish)
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DOI：
10.1242/jeb.197301
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发表时间：
2019-03
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Kazuya Takahashi;Erika Yamaguchi;N. Fujiyama;T. Nagayama
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kazuya Takahashi;Erika Yamaguchi;N. Fujiyama;T. Nagayama
许多动物为了争夺有限的宝贵资源而争斗。在marmorkrebs（大理石纹小龙虾）中，大型动物通常会击败小型对手，但它们经常被庇护所主人的小型对手击败。本文对淡水螯虾的优先居留效应进行了定量分析。超过2小时的居住在一个避难所是足够的小业主击败大入侵者。小动物，留在一个庇护所为24小时仍然倾向于赢得以下删除的庇护所10分钟前配对与大型入侵者，但2小时居民偶尔被殴打的大型入侵者没有支持的庇护所在配对。因此，先前居住的影响取决于居住的时间长短。为了澄清先前居住效应的强度是否受到住房质量的影响，将具有不同组合的高质量和低质量住房的大业主和小业主配对。当大业主和小业主都拥有高质量的住所时，争斗的频率就会减少。即使发生争斗，小业主的胜利频率几乎等于大业主。因此，对小业主的居住效应足够强大，以克服小动物对大型对手的身体劣势。相比之下，低质量庇护所的小业主经常被拥有相同或更好质量庇护所的大业主击败。我们的结论是，争夺资源的住房的结果是高度依赖于住房质量和身体大小差异的看法。总结：大理石纹小龙虾的行为神经生物学方法的表征先前的居住效果揭示了对住房质量和战斗动机的依赖。
ABSTRACT Many animals fight over a limited valuable resource. In marmorkrebs (marbled crayfish), large animals usually defeat small opponents but they are frequently beaten by small opponents that are shelter owners. A prior residence effect of marbled crayfish was analysed quantitatively in the present study. More than 2 h of residency in a shelter was sufficient for small owners to defeat large intruders. Small animals that stayed in a shelter for 24 h still tended to win following removal of the shelter 10 min before pairing with large intruders, but 2 h residents were occasionally beaten by large intruders without the support of shelters during pairings. The prior residence effect thus developed depending on the duration of residency. To clarify whether the strength of the prior residence effect was affected by the quality of a shelter, large and small owners with different combinations of high- and low-quality shelters were paired. When both large and small owners possessed a high-quality shelter, the frequency of agonistic bouts was reduced. Even if agonistic bouts occurred, the win frequency of small owners was almost equal to that of large owners. Thus, the residence effect on small owners was sufficiently strong to overcome the physical disadvantage of small animals to large opponents. By contrast, small owners of low-quality shelters were frequently beaten by large owners with the shelters of same or better quality. We conclude that the outcome of fights over the resource shelter is highly dependent on both the perception of shelter quality and body size differences. Summary: Characterization of a prior residence effect in marbled crayfish by a behavioural neurobiological approach reveals a dependence on both perception of shelter quality and fighting motivation.