A Standardized Terminology for Describing Reproductive Development in Fishes
A Standardized Terminology for Describing Reproductive Development in Fishes
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DOI：
10.1080/19425120.2011.555724
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Lowerre-Barbieri, Susan K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown-Peterson, Nancy J.;Wyanski, David M.;Lowerre-Barbieri, Susan K.
随着鱼类生殖研究数量的增加，性腺分类方案和术语的数量也在增加。这使得科学家和资源管理者之间的沟通和研究之间的比较变得困难。我们建议采用一种简单的、通用的术语来描述生殖周期的各个阶段，这种术语可以适用于所有雌雄板鳃鱼和硬骨鱼。选择这些阶段是因为它们定义了生殖周期中的关键里程碑；发育阶段包括未成熟阶段、发育阶段、产卵阶段、退化阶段和再生阶段。尽管配子发育的每个阶段的时间顺序在物种之间可能有所不同，但每个阶段都有特定的组织学和生理标记，并且在概念上是通用的。不成熟阶段只能发生一次。发育阶段标志着进入促性腺激素依赖阶段的卵子发生和精子发生，并最终导致性腺生长。产卵能力阶段包括：(1)配子发育足够先进的鱼，可以在当前的生殖周期内产卵；(2)批量产卵的雌性鱼，有以前产卵的迹象（即，排卵后卵泡复合体），也有能力在当前周期内产卵。在产卵能力阶段，一个活跃的产卵亚阶段被定义为与雌性的水合作用和排卵以及雄性的精子受精相对应。回归期标志着繁殖周期的结束，对许多鱼类来说，也标志着产卵季节的结束。再生期的鱼性成熟，但繁殖不活跃。物种特有的组织学标准或分类可以纳入每个普遍阶段，允许更具体的划分（亚阶段），同时保留总体生殖术语以供比较。这个术语可以很容易地修改为具有替代生殖策略的鱼类，例如雌雄同体（增加一个过渡阶段）和活体（增加一个妊娠阶段）。
As the number of fish reproduction studies has proliferated, so has the number of gonadal classification schemes and terms. This hasmade it difficult for both scientists and resourcemanagers to communicate and for comparisons to be made among studies. We propose the adoption of a simple, universal terminology for the phases in the reproductive cycle, which can be applied to all male and female elasmobranch and teleost fishes. These phases were chosen because they define key milestones in the reproductive cycle; the phases include immature, developing, spawning capable, regressing, and regenerating. Although the temporal sequence of events during gamete development in each phase may vary among species, each phase has specific histological and physiological markers and is conceptually universal. The immature phase can occur only once. The developing phase signals entry into the gonadotropin-dependent stage of oogenesis and spermatogenesis and ultimately results in gonadal growth. The spawning capable phase includes (1) those fish with gamete development that is sufficiently advanced to allow for spawning within the current reproductive cycle and (2) batch-spawning females that show signs of previous spawns (i.e., postovulatory follicle complex) and that are also capable of additional spawns during the current cycle. Within the spawning capable phase, an actively spawning subphase is defined that corresponds to hydration and ovulation in females and spermiation in males. The regressing phase indicates completion of the reproductive cycle and, for many fish, completion of the spawning season. Fish in the regenerating phase are sexually mature but reproductively inactive. Species-specific histological criteria or classes can be incorporated within each of the universal phases, allowing for more specific divisions (subphases) while preserving the overall reproductive terminology for comparative purposes. This terminology can easily be modified for fishes with alternate reproductive strategies, such as hermaphrodites (addition of a transition phase) and livebearers (addition of a gestation phase).