Post-traumatic stress disorder: symptom profiles in men and women
Post-traumatic stress disorder: symptom profiles in men and women
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DOI：
10.1185/030079903125001604
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发表时间：
2003-01-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Green, B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Green, B
目的：调查相对较大样本的创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）患者的症状频率，并比较男性和女性的症状特征。研究设计和方法：使用 DSM-IV PTSD 特征检查表对诊所连续 103 名 PTSD 患者进行了检查。在研究访谈中评估了所有症状的存在和不存在。人们还经常询问一些其他症状，例如情绪不稳定、药物滥用、性欲或性欲。使用卡方统计检验比较男性和女性 PTSD 患者的症状概况。主要结果测量：使用 DSM-IV PTSD 特征清单进行结构化访谈。结果：超过 30% 的患者存在某些症状。焦虑、失眠、痛苦和反复做梦、闪回想象和侵入性想法、烦躁、注意力不集中、回避行为和疏离等症状频率均达到70%以上。不超过 35% 的患者出现一些症状（例如无法回忆部分创伤和情感受限）。结论：男性比女性更容易烦躁 (p < 0.05) 和过量饮酒 (p < 0.05)。症状往往伴随着急性应激反应，出现较早并持续数月。有理由将诊断限制在最常见的症状上，并将一些经常被忽视的症状纳入诊断指南，即情绪低落、情绪不稳定和性欲受损。
Objective: To investigate the symptom frequencies of a relatively large sample of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) sufferers and compare male and female symptom profiles.Research design and methods: A total of 103 consecutive attendees at a clinic for PTSD were examined using a checklist of DSM-IV PTSD characteristics. The presence and absence of all symptoms was evaluated in a research interview. Some additional symptoms were also routinely asked about, such as mood lability, substance use, sex drive or libido. Symptom profiles of male and female sufferers of PTSD were compared using the chi-squared statistical test.Main outcome measures: Structured interview using checklist of DSM-IV PTSD characteristics.Results: Certain symptoms were present in more than 30% of sufferers. Symptom frequencies for anxiety, insomnia, distressing and recurrent dreams, flashback imagery and intrusive thoughts, irritability, poor concentration, avoidance behaviour and detachment all reached frequencies above 70%. Some symptoms (such as inability to recall parts of the trauma and restricted affect) occurred in no more than 35% of sufferers.Conclusions: Men are significantly more likely than women to suffer with irritability (p < 0.05) and to use alcohol to excess (p < 0.05). Symptoms tend to follow an acute stress reaction, occur early and persist for many months. A case is made for restricting the diagnosis to the most prevalent symptoms and for including some often overlooked symptoms in the diagnostic guidelines, namely low mood, mood lability, and impaired libido.