Circulation and Flushing in the Lagoonal System of the Guana Tolomato Matanzas National Estuarine Research Reserve (GTMNERR), Florida
Circulation and Flushing in the Lagoonal System of the Guana Tolomato Matanzas National Estuarine Research Reserve (GTMNERR), Florida
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佛罗里达州瓜纳托洛马托马坦萨斯国家河口研究保护区 (GTMNERR) 泻湖系统的循环和冲刷
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发表时间：
2008
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通讯作者：
V. Paramygin
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作者：
Y. Sheng;B. Tutak;Justin R. Davis;V. Paramygin
摘要利用CH 3D三维环流数值模式对马坦萨斯国家河口研究保护区（GTMNERR或GTM）泻湖系统内的环流和冲刷进行了研究。泻湖系统包括两个潮汐入口（圣奥古斯丁入口和马坦萨斯入口）。为了确保模型结果的准确性，我们扩展了模型域，以包括大部分沿海水域和南部的庞塞德莱昂入口。开放边界的水位由东海岸（2001年）ADCIRC潮汐数据库提供。2004年4月1日至5月31日的正压和斜压环流模式模拟，在GTM内的许多站产生了合理的水位。模拟的盐度结果不太好，因为缺乏GTM内部的淡水流入数据和近海的盐度数据。使用模拟流场，我们解决了三维传输方程的保守的物种，并确定冲洗特性的GTM内的50%的更新时间的保守的物种在每个8个部分，这是选择考虑到地理特征和接近潮汐入口和河流。冲刷结果表明，潮汐是最主要的冲刷机制，而河流和盐度是重要的冲刷机制，远离潮汐入口的路段。计算8个节段的标准化冲洗时间（定义为50%更新时间除以节段体积），并相互比较。比较所有节段的“标准化”冲洗时间，生成相对冲洗排名（RFR），将“标准化”冲洗时间从最短到最长进行排名，如下所示：段2（包括圣塞巴斯蒂安），第8段（靠近Ponce Inlet），第3段（包括马坦萨斯堡），第7段（靠近Ponce Inlet），第1段（包括松岛）、第4段（包括佩利塞溪）、第6段（包括高桥路）和第5段（包括宾斯码头）。这种定量排名的冲洗特性内的GTM是可能的，因为使用的三维数值循环和运输模型，结合了流体动力学冲洗的效果。这些结果提供了更多的定量信息比简单的经验停留时间指数（1-4）开发的GTM在以前的研究。CH 3D也被用来模拟2006年1月25日至2月3日的环流。2006年2月2日，模拟的圣奥古斯丁入口内的电流，与声学多普勒海流剖面仪（ADCP）测量的电流相比，毫不逊色。通过圣奥古斯丁和马坦萨斯入口的模型模拟流速分别再现了2004年7月1日和6月16日的测量数据。当使用模型的脱水和干燥版本时，模型模拟的水流和水位得到改善。三维建模方法可用于指导资源管理和GTM中几个正在进行和前瞻性的地球化学研究的采样策略的发展。
Abstract Circulation and flushing inside the lagoon system of Guana Tolomato Matanzas National Estuarine Research Reserve (GTMNERR or GTM) have been studied using a three-dimensional numerical circulation model CH3D. The lagoon system includes two tidal inlets (St. Augustine Inlet and Matanzas Inlet). To ensure accuracy in model results, we extend the model domain to include a large portion of the coastal water and the Ponce de Leon Inlet in the south. Water levels on the open boundaries are provided by the East Coast (2001) ADCIRC Tidal Database. Model simulations of barotropic and baroclinic circulation from April 1 to May 31, 2004, produced reasonable water levels at numerous stations inside the GTM. Simulated salinity results are not as good because of the lack of freshwater inflow data inside the GTM and salinity data offshore. Using the simulated flow fields, we solve the three-dimensional transport equations for conservative species, and determine the flushing characteristics inside the GTM in terms of the 50% renewal time of the conservative species within each of eight segments, which are selected by considering the geographical features and proximity to tidal inlets and rivers. The flushing results indicate that tide is the most dominant flushing mechanism, while river and salinity are important flushing mechanisms for segments that are far from the tidal inlets. The normalized flushing times, defined as the 50% renewal time divided by the volume of the segment, are calculated for the eight segments and compared with each other. Comparing the “normalized” flushing time at all segments, a relative flushing ranking (RFR) is generated that ranks the “normalized” flushing time from the shortest to the longest as follows: segment 2 (includes St. Sebastian), segment 8 (near Ponce Inlet), segment 3 (includes Fort Matanzas), segment 7 (near Ponce Inlet), segment 1 (includes Pine Island), segment 4 (includes Pellicer Creek), segment 6 (includes High Bridge Road), and segment 5 (includes Bings Landing). This quantitative ranking of flushing characteristics inside the GTM is made possible because of the use of a three-dimensional numerical circulation and transport model that incorporates the effect of hydrodynamics on flushing. These results provide much more quantitative information than the simple empirical residence time indices (1–4) developed for the GTM in a previous study. CH3D was also applied to simulate the circulation during January 25 to February 3, 2006. Simulated currents inside the St. Augustine Inlet on February 2, 2006, compare favorably with the currents measured by Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP). Model simulated flow rates through St. Augustine and Matanzas inlets reproduced measured data on July 1 and June 16, 2004, respectively. Model-simulated currents and water levels improved when the flooding-and-drying version of the model was used. The three-dimensional modeling approach can be used to provide sguidance on resource management and the development of sampling strategies for several ongoing and prospective biogeochemical studies in the GTM.