An ethnographic comparison of HIV risk behaviors among heroin and methamphetamine injectors.
An ethnographic comparison of HIV risk behaviors among heroin and methamphetamine injectors.
复制标题
海洛因和甲基苯丙胺注射者之间艾滋病毒危险行为的人种学比较。
DOI：
10.1081/ada-100101843
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发表时间：
1999
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Desmond,DP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zule,WA;Desmond,DP
在得克萨斯州圣安东尼奥的154名海洛因使用者和45名甲基苯丙胺使用者中研究了影响人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染风险的药物注射和其他做法。安非他明使用者较年轻，大多数是白色人，药物依赖程度较轻。从注射频率、共用设备的人数和注射地点可以看出，海洛因使用者的针头风险要高得多。甲基苯丙胺使用者往往从药店购买10支或更多的注射器，使用一支注射器不到5次就丢弃;海洛因使用者往往每次从非法来源购买一支针头，使用20次以上。在甲基苯丙胺使用者中，71%的人有一个以上的性伴侣，而海洛因使用者只有39%。甲基苯丙胺使用者的伴侣比海洛因使用者的伴侣更有可能是毒品注射者。较少的甲基苯丙胺使用者报告了对获得性免疫缺陷综合征（艾滋病）流行病的行为改变，艾滋病教育/宣传联系的人也较少。我们建议，应加大力度，促进甲基苯丙胺使用者的风险降低，因为这一人群一直服务不足，因为需要减少全面的行为改变，以减少针头相关的风险到可接受的水平。
Drug injection and other practices affecting the risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection were studied among 154 heroin users and 45 methamphetamine users in San Antonio, Texas. Amphetamine users were younger, mostly white, and had less-severe drug dependence. Heroin users had significantly higher levels of needle risk, as indicated by frequency of injection, number of persons sharing equipment, and place of injection. Methamphetamine users tended to buy syringes in lots of 10 or more from pharmacies and to use a syringe less than 5 times before discarding it. Heroin users tended to buy 1 needle at a time from an illicit source and to use it more than 20 times. Of methamphetamine users, 71% had more than one sex partner, compared to 39% of heroin users. Partners of methamphetamine users were more likely to be drug injectors than were partners of heroin users. Fewer methamphetamine users reported a behavior change in response to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic, and fewer had been contacted by AIDS Education/Outreach. We suggest that efforts to promote risk reduction among methamphetamine users be stepped up because this population has been underserved and because less-sweeping behavior changes are needed to reduce needle-related risks to acceptable levels.