The relationship between acute glucocorticoid levels and hippocampal function depends upon task aversiveness and memory processing stage
The relationship between acute glucocorticoid levels and hippocampal function depends upon task aversiveness and memory processing stage
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DOI：
10.2201/nonlin.003.01.004
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
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影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Conrad, Cheryl D.
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文献类型：
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作者：
Conrad, Cheryl D.
本文综述了糖皮质激素（GC），肾上腺皮质类固醇释放的压力，对记忆功能的影响，需要在动物和人类的海马。这些数据支持这一假设，即GCs和依赖于大脑的记忆之间的学习功能受到1）学习范式的厌恶性质和2）记忆加工阶段（获取，巩固，提取）的调制。当任务是最低限度的厌恶，糖皮质激素受体（GR）介导的GC水平和海马功能之间的倒U形关系，而盐皮质激素受体（MR）介导的注意过程和/或反应新奇。这种倒U形的关系，在最低限度的厌恶训练范式描述GC介导的记忆加工在acquisiton和巩固。相反，高度厌恶的范式激活杏仁核和提升GO作为训练过程的一部分，揭示了一个非线性的倒U形关系在收购和积极的线性功能潜水巩固。因此，激活杏仁核的高度厌恶性任务将记忆功能从倒U形曲线转变为GC水平和记忆巩固之间的线性表示。
This review evaluates the effects of glucocorticoids (GCs), the adrenal steroids released in response to stress, on memory functions requiring the hippocampus in animals and humans. The data support the hypothesis that the learning function between GCs and hippocampal-dependent memory is modulated by 1) the aversive nature of the learning paradigm and 2) stage of memory processing (acquisition, consolidation, retrieval). When tasks are minimally aversive, the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) mediates an inverted U-shaped relationship between GC levels and hippocampal function, while the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) mediates attentional processes and/or reaction to novelly. This inverted U-shaped relationship during minimally aversive training paradigms describes GC-mediated memory processing at both acquisiton and consolidation. In contrast, highly aversive paradigms activate the amygdala and elevate GO as part of the training-procedure, revealing a nonlinear inverted U-shaped relationship during acquisition and a positive linear function diving consolidation. Thus, highly aversive tasks that activate the amygdala shift the memory function from an inverted U-shaped curve to a linear representation between GC levels and memory consolidation.