CONSTRUCT-VALIDITY AND SEX-DIFFERENCES IN COOK-MEDLEY HOSTILITY
CONSTRUCT-VALIDITY AND SEX-DIFFERENCES IN COOK-MEDLEY HOSTILITY
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DOI：
10.1016/0191-8869(89)90206-7
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发表时间：
1989-01-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
JULKUNEN, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
GREENGLASS, ER;JULKUNEN, J
先前的研究表明，库克-麦德利敌意（Ho）与冠心病之间存在关系。有人认为，何氏量表衡量的是“愤世嫉俗的敌意”，而不是公开的敌意行为。愤世嫉俗敌意高的人应该比愤世嫉俗敌意低的人更不信任他人，承受更多的压力。本研究以大学生为调查对象，对Cook-Medley Ho量表的内部结构和效度进行了分析。因子分析结果显示，存在一个以玩世不恭和不信任为中心的普遍因素。因子分析中第一个旋转因子上加载大于0.40的9个项目的总和可以作为愤世嫉俗不信任的可靠有效测量。这一因素与Jackson and Messick（1970）玩世不恭量表的得分呈正相关，支持了Cook-Medley敌意主要是衡量玩世不恭不信任的假设。研究结果对敌意和疾病之间的关系有几点启示。如果如数据所示，玩世不恭是Cook-Medley量表评估的中心概念，那么Cook-Medley Ho与冠心病之间的关系可能是由人际关系缺陷介导的。由于高度愤世嫉俗的人可能不太容易接受社会支持，这将导致社会孤立，愤世嫉俗的不信任和疾病之间的潜在联系。进一步的分析显示，“玩世不恭的破坏”与“愤怒/进”和“愤怒/出”得分之间的相关性模式存在显著的性别差异。玩世不恭的不信任与男性的Anger/out和女性的Anger/ in呈正相关。从性别角色的角度来讨论这些差异。
Previous research has shown a relationship between Cook-Medley Hostility (Ho) and coronary heart disease. It has been suggested that the Ho scale measures ''cynical hostility'' rather than overt hostile behavior. A person high on cynical hostility should be more distrustful of others and experience more stress than an individual who is lower on cynical hostility. The present study analyses the inner structure and validity of the Cook-Medley Ho scale using university undergraduates as respondents. Results of factor analyses revealed the existence of a general factor which centered around cynicism and distrust. The sum of nine items loading above 0.40 on the first rotated factor in the factor analysis can be used as a reliable and valid measure of cynical distrust. A positive correlation between this factor and scores on the Jackson and Messick (1970) Cynicism scale supports the hypothesis that Cook-Medley Hostility is primarily a measure of cynical distrust. The results have several implications for the relationship between hostility and disease. If, as the data suggest, cynicism is the central concept being assessed in the Cook-Medley scale, the relationship between Cook-Medley Ho and coronary heart disease may be mediated by an interpersonal deficit. Since a highly cynical person may be less receptive to social support, this would lead to social isolation, a potential link between cynical distrust and disease. Further analyses revealed significant sex differences in the pattern of correlations between ''cynical distruct'' and Anger/In and Anger/Out scores. Cynical distrust was positively correlated with Anger/out in men and with Anger/In in women. These differences are discussed from a gender-role perspective.