Emerging roles of mitochondria in synaptic transmission and neurodegeneration.
Emerging roles of mitochondria in synaptic transmission and neurodegeneration.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cophys.2018.03.009
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发表时间：
2018-06
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Polleux F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lee A;Hirabayashi Y;Kwon SK;Lewis TL Jr;Polleux F
线粒体在神经元中发挥许多关键的生理功能，包括ATP产生、Ca2+调节、脂质合成、ROS信号传导和触发细胞凋亡的能力。最近开发的技术，包括清醒行为小鼠的体内双光子成像，揭示了与外周神经系统（PNS）不同，线粒体转运沿着中枢神经系统（CNS）的成年神经元的轴突显著沿着减少。此外，基因编码的生物传感器的改进使得能够以隔室特异性方式精确监测线粒体对Ca2+、ATP和ROS稳态的空间和时间影响。在这里，我们讨论了最近的研究结果，开始解开新的生理和病理生理特性的神经元线粒体在突触。我们还提出了新的方向，在探索线粒体功能的突触传递，可塑性和神经变性。
Mitochondria play numerous critical physiological functions in neurons including ATP production, Ca2+ regulation, lipid synthesis, ROS signaling, and the ability to trigger apoptosis. Recently developed technologies, including in vivo 2-photon imaging in awake behaving mice revealed that unlike in the peripheral nervous system (PNS), mitochondrial transport decreases strikingly along the axons of adult neurons of the central nervous system (CNS). Furthermore, the improvements of genetically-encoded biosensors have enabled precise monitoring of the spatial and temporal impact of mitochondria on Ca2+, ATP and ROS homeostasis in a compartment-specific manner. Here, we discuss recent findings that begin to unravel novel physiological and pathophysiological properties of neuronal mitochondria at synapses. We also suggest new directions in the exploration of mitochondrial function in synaptic transmission, plasticity and neurodegeneration.