Correlates of physical activity: why are some people physically active and others not?
Correlates of physical activity: why are some people physically active and others not?
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DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(12)60735-1
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发表时间：
2012-07-21
期刊：
影响因子：
168.9
通讯作者：
Martin, Brian W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bauman, Adrian E.;Reis, Rodrigo S.;Martin, Brian W.
缺乏身体活动是高收入国家非传染性疾病的一个重要诱因，在中低收入国家也越来越如此。了解人们从事体育活动或不从事体育活动的原因有助于循证规划公共卫生干预措施，因为有效的方案将针对已知导致不活动的因素。在过去二十年中，对相关因素（与活动相关的因素）或决定因素（具有因果关系的因素）的研究蓬勃发展，但主要集中在高收入国家的个人层面因素。研究表明，年龄、性别、健康状况、自我效能和动机与身体活动有关。生态模型对健康行为因果关系采取了广泛的观点，将社会和物理环境作为缺乏身体活动的贡献者，特别是卫生部门以外的环境，如城市规划，交通系统，公园和小径。新的决定因素研究领域已经确定了导致身体活动倾向的遗传因素，以及可能导致不活动的进化因素和肥胖，并探索了整个生命中身体活动的纵向跟踪。了解相关因素和决定因素，特别是在低收入和中等收入国家，可以减少未来不活动流行病的影响，并有助于在全球有效预防非传染性疾病。
Physical inactivity is an important contributor to non-communicable diseases in countries of high income, and increasingly so in those of low and middle income. Understanding why people are physically active or inactive contributes to evidence-based planning of public health interventions, because effective programmes will target factors known to cause inactivity. Research into correlates (factors associated with activity) or determinants (those with a causal relationship) has burgeoned in the past two decades, but has mostly focused on individual-level factors in high-income countries. It has shown that age, sex, health status, self-efficacy, and motivation are associated with physical activity. Ecological models take a broad view of health behaviour causation, with the social and physical environment included as contributors to physical inactivity, particularly those outside the health sector, such as urban planning, transportation systems, and parks and trails. New areas of determinants research have identified genetic factors contributing to the propensity to be physically active, and evolutionary factors and obesity that might predispose to inactivity, and have explored the longitudinal tracking of physical activity throughout life. An understanding of correlates and determinants, especially in countries of low and middle income, could reduce the effect of future epidemics of inactivity and contribute to effective global prevention of non-communicable diseases.