Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Data Center Pressure and Flow Fields Induced by Backward and Forward CRAH Technology
Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Data Center Pressure and Flow Fields Induced by Backward and Forward CRAH Technology
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后向和前向 CRAH 技术引起的数据中心压力和流场的实验和数值分析
DOI：
10.1115/1.4053890
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Seymour, Mark
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tradat, Mohammad I.;Manaserh, Yaman “Mohammad;Gharaibeh, Ahmad;Sammakia, Bahgat G.;Hall, Dave;Nemati, Kourosh;Seymour, Mark
数据中心热管理中越来越常见的节能实践是用电子换向插塞式风扇替换空气冷却单元鼓风机，尽管两者都是离心式鼓风机。刀片式服务器设计变更：前向弯曲与后向弯曲，峰值静态效率分别为60%和75%，这导致操作功率节省。它的副作用还不完全清楚。因此，有必要对后向弯曲鼓风机进行全面了解，并将所得的流量、压力和温度场与前向弯曲鼓风机进行比较，其中在参考数据中心中对诱导场进行表征、比较和可视化，这可以在决定使用哪种计算机房空气处理器（CRAH）技术时帮助数据中心规划和操作。在这项研究中，实验和数值表征后弯鼓风机介绍。然后，基于物理的计算流体动力学模型，使用6sigmaroom工具来预测/模拟测量场。五种不同的方案被应用在房间水平的实验表征的冷却装置和另外两种方案被应用于比较和说明不同的CRAH技术之间的相互作用。四个场景被用来表征一个CRAH与向后弯曲的鼓风机，在此期间，一个CRAH与向前弯曲的电源关闭。对另一种布置进行了研究，以量化可能的流量约束对后弯风机性能的影响。然后，基线建模的参数和灵敏度进行了研究和考虑。不同的操作条件下施加在房间水平的实验表征，比较，并说明不同的CRAH技术之间的相互作用。绘制测量数据并与计算流体动力学（CFD）模型评估进行比较，以可视化感兴趣的领域。结果表明，该领域是高度依赖于CRAH技术。方案1、2、3和4的气流约束条件下的瓦片与CRAH气流比分别为85.5%、83.9%、61%和59%。相应的泄漏率分别为14.5%、16%、38.9%和41%。此外，验证的CFD模型被用来研究和比较的气流模式和压力分布。最后，值得注意的是，向后弯曲技术的潜在副作用是产生气流死区。
An increasingly common power saving practice in data center thermal management is to swap out air cooling unit blower fans with electronically commutated plug fans, Although, both are centrifugal blowers. The blade design changes: forward versus backward curved with peak static efficiencies of 60% and 75%, respectively, which results in operation power savings. The side effects of which are not fully understood. Therefore, it has become necessary to develop an overall understanding of backward curved blowers and compare the resulting flow, pressure, and temperature fields with forwarding curved ones in which the induced fields are characterized, compared, and visualized in a reference data center which may aid data center planning and operation when making the decisions of which computer room air handler (CRAH) technology to be used. In this study, experimental and numerical characterization of backward curved blowers is introduced. Then, a physics-based computational fluid dynamics model is built using the 6sigmaroomtool to predict/simulate the measured fields. Five different scenarios were applied at the room level for the experimental characterization of the cooling units and another two scenarios were applied for comparison and illustration of the interaction between different CRAH technologies. Four scenarios were used to characterize a CRAH with backward curved blowers, during which a CRAH with forwarding curved was powered off. An alternate arrangement was examined to quantify the effect of possible flow constraints on the backward curved blower's performance. Then parametric and sensitivity of the baseline modeling are investigated and considered. Different operating conditions are applied at the room level for experimental characterization, comparison, and illustration of the interaction between different CRAH technologies. The measured data is plotted and compared with the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model assessment to visualize the fields of interest. The results show that the fields are highly dependent on CRAH technology. The tile to CRAH airflow ratios for the flow constraints of scenarios 1, 2, 3, and 4 are 85.5%, 83.9%, 61%, and 59%, respectively. The corresponding leakage ratios are 14.5%, 16%, 38.9%, and 41%, respectively. Furthermore, the validated CFD model was used to investigate and compare the airflow pattern and plenum pressure distribution. Lastly, it is notable that a potential side effect of backward curved technology is the creation of an airflow dead zone.