Expert moves: international comparative testing and the rise of expertocracy

Expert moves: international comparative testing and the rise of expertocracy
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专家举措:国际比较测试和专家统治的兴起

DOI:
10.1080/02680939.2012.758825
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发表时间:
2013
影响因子:
2.5
通讯作者:
Grek S
Grek S
中科院分区:
教育学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Grek S

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通过对已成为国际评估核心的知识和行为者的社会学分析,该文件侧重于影响共同叙述和议程产生的过程,采取的立场是,它们的存在不是有机的,而是往往捏造和管理的承诺的产物,而不是努力争取“真正的”共识。本文认为,将分析局限于专家和政策制定者的旅行和交流在政策制定中的作用,实际上是在构建一个“理想型”的国际政策制定世界。最近对这些遭遇的研究表明,人们需要关注参与者的冲突和斗争,而不是“集体困惑”的过程。这篇论文运用“政治工作”的概念,以及布迪厄领域理论的要素,展示了教育领域的国际比较测试不仅为政策制定者提供了亟需的数据来管理,而且实际上几乎融合了知识和政策的领域;专业知识和无可争议的普遍政策解决方案的销售现在已经漂移到一个单一的实体和功能。
Through a sociological analysis of the knowledge and actors that have become central to international assessments, the paper focuses on the processes that influence the production of shared narratives and agendas, adopting the position that their existence is not organic, but rather the product of undertakings that often fabricate and manage, rather than strive for ‘real’consensus. The paper suggests that limiting the analysis to the role of travel and exchanges of experts and policy-makers in the making of policy is, in fact, the construction of an ‘ideal-type’of an international policy-making world. Recent research on these encounters suggests that one needs to focus on actors’ conflict and struggles, rather than processes of ‘collective puzzling’. Using the concept of ‘political work’, as well as elements of Bourdieu’s field theory, the paper shows the ways that international comparative testing in the field of education has not only offered policy-makers with much needed data to govern, but has in fact almost fused the realms of knowledge and policy; expertise and the selling of undisputed, universal policy solutions have now drifted into one single entity and function.
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